Stott G A
Department of Family Medicine, York Hospital, Pennsylvania, USA.
Am Fam Physician. 1997 May 15;55(7):2501-4.
Acyclovir was the first antiviral drug approved for the treatment of herpes zoster. Several new antiviral agents have since been introduced, one of which is famciclovir. The pharmacokinetics of famciclovir allow a more convenient dosing schedule than the schedule used with acyclovir. Famciclovir is metabolized in the liver, but the P450 cytochrome system is not involved. Both acyclovir and famciclovir accelerate cutaneous healing, but studies suggest that famciclovir may reduce the severity of postherpetic neuralgia when compared with placebo. Famciclovir is currently approved only for use in immunocompetent patients, but clinical trials involving immunocompromised patients are in progress.
阿昔洛韦是首个被批准用于治疗带状疱疹的抗病毒药物。此后又引入了几种新的抗病毒药物，其中之一是泛昔洛韦。泛昔洛韦的药代动力学特性使其给药方案比阿昔洛韦更为便捷。泛昔洛韦在肝脏中代谢，但不涉及细胞色素P450系统。阿昔洛韦和泛昔洛韦均可加速皮肤愈合，但研究表明，与安慰剂相比，泛昔洛韦可能减轻带状疱疹后神经痛的严重程度。目前泛昔洛韦仅被批准用于免疫功能正常的患者，但针对免疫功能低下患者的临床试验正在进行中。
