Lott V M, Dunner D L
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle 98105, USA.
Depress Anxiety. 1996;4(6):268-72. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6394(1996)4:6<268::AID-DA2>3.0.CO;2-8.
The diagnosis of depression and Axis II personality disorders have been found to co-occur in people, and the purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between chronicity of depression and Axis II diagnosis. We assessed for the prevalence of two Axis II disorders, Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Patients who were evaluated in a tertiary care center were diagnosed as having Chronic Major Depressive Disorder (CMDD), Dysthymic disorder (DD), or Acute Major Depressive Disorder (AMDD). We expected the prevalence of Axis II disorders to increase with increasing depression chronicity. Cloninger et al. (1993, Arch Gen Psychiatry 50:975-988; 1994) have proposed that temperament and character factors may be predictors of personality disorders. The instrument originally developed to measure these factors was the Tri-dimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), which was later revised to produce the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). There is evidence that TCI scores help predict the presence of Axis II disorders. We hypothesized that one component of the TCI, cooperativeness, would be lower in CMDD than DD or AMDD, reflecting a relationship between Axis II disorders and chronicity of depression. From our sample, no patients had APD and there was not a significant difference between the number of patients with BPD in each of the depression groups. Furthermore, there was not a significant difference between cooperativeness scores among each of the groups. The implications of these findings are discussed.
研究发现，抑郁症诊断与轴II人格障碍在人群中共同出现，本文旨在探讨抑郁症的慢性病程与轴II诊断之间的关系。我们评估了两种轴II障碍，即反社会人格障碍（APD）和边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的患病率。在三级医疗中心接受评估的患者被诊断为患有慢性重度抑郁症（CMDD）、恶劣心境障碍（DD）或急性重度抑郁症（AMDD）。我们预计轴II障碍的患病率会随着抑郁症慢性病程的增加而上升。克隆宁格等人（1993年，《普通精神病学文献》50:975 - 988；1994年）提出，气质和性格因素可能是人格障碍的预测指标。最初开发用于测量这些因素的工具是三维人格问卷（TPQ），该问卷后来经过修订形成了气质和性格量表（TCI）。有证据表明，TCI得分有助于预测轴II障碍的存在。我们假设，TCI的一个组成部分，即合作性，在CMDD患者中会低于DD或AMDD患者，这反映了轴II障碍与抑郁症慢性病程之间的关系。在我们的样本中，没有患者患有APD，并且各抑郁症组中患有BPD的患者数量之间没有显著差异。此外，各组之间的合作性得分也没有显著差异。本文讨论了这些发现的意义。
