O'Keefe M
School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 90089, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 1997 May;20(5):368-76. doi: 10.1016/S1054-139X(97)80131-0.
The purpose of this research was to study adolescents' perceptions of violence in their communities and schools and examine the relationship between these reports and their emotional and behavioral functioning, controlling for the effects of family violence and other sociodemographic variables.
Respondents included 935 urban and suburban high school students who completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR) as well as measures assessing their perceptions of community, school, and family violence.
This sample of high school students was exposed to high levels of violence in their communities and schools. Over 45% of the students reported witnessing severe forms of violence such as a shooting or stabbing in their communities or schools during the year prior to the study. Hierarchic regression analyses revealed that for males, exposure to community and school violence was a significant predictor of aggressive acting-out behaviors, even when controlling for the effects of family violence and other sociodemographic variables. For girls, only exposure to school violence was a significant predictor of aggression. The results for internalizing scores (depression, withdrawal) were less impressive, particularly for males.
The high levels of violence exposure of adolescents in their communities and schools and the associated increase in behavior problems suggest the need for developing school and community intervention programs to treat violence and its impact.
本研究旨在探讨青少年对其社区及学校暴力的认知，并考察这些报告与他们的情绪及行为功能之间的关系，同时控制家庭暴力及其他社会人口统计学变量的影响。
研究对象包括935名城市和郊区的高中生，他们完成了青少年自评量表（YSR）以及评估其对社区、学校和家庭暴力认知的测量。
该样本中的高中生在其社区和学校中遭受了高水平的暴力。超过45%的学生报告称，在研究前一年，他们在社区或学校目睹了诸如枪击或刺伤等严重形式的暴力。分层回归分析显示，对于男性而言，即使控制了家庭暴力及其他社会人口统计学变量的影响，接触社区和学校暴力仍是攻击性行为的一个重要预测因素。对于女孩来说，只有接触学校暴力是攻击行为的一个重要预测因素。内化分数（抑郁、退缩）的结果则不那么显著，尤其是对男性而言。
青少年在其社区和学校中遭受的高水平暴力以及相关行为问题的增加，表明有必要制定学校和社区干预项目来应对暴力及其影响。
