Peters A, Ehlers R U
Department for Biotechnology and Biological Control, University Kiel, Raisdorf, Germany.
J Invertebr Pathol. 1997 May;69(3):218-22. doi: 10.1006/jipa.1996.4648.
The encapsulation response of Tipula oleracea to the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae was investigated by exposing the insects to nematode dauer juveniles (DJs) and by injecting DJs with and without the symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus bovienii. The encapsulation response varied considerably between individual insect larvae. The variation could not be attributed to a more or less scattered nematode invasion over time since it was also recorded after simultaneous injection of a fixed DJ dose. The proportion of encapsulated nematodes declined with increasing dose (injected DJs/larva) from approx 80% for 1 DJ/larva to 33-34% for 20 DJ/larva. Tipula oleracea larvae were capable of encapsulating nematodes with and without symbionts inside the hemocoel; however, at doses of 10 and 20 DJ/larva, axenic nematodes were encapsulated less frequently than monoxenic nematodes. Injected axenic nematodes that were not encapsulated did not develop in T. oleracea larvae but disappeared from the insect's hemocoel. Coinjection of symbiotic bacteria increased encapsulation of axenic nematodes, showing that X. bovienii is triggering the encapsulation response of T. oleracea against S. feltiae.
通过将欧洲大蚊暴露于昆虫病原线虫斯氏线虫的 dauer 幼虫（DJs），以及注射有无共生细菌博维氏致病杆菌的 DJs，研究了欧洲大蚊对斯氏线虫的包囊反应。单个昆虫幼虫之间的包囊反应差异很大。这种差异不能归因于随着时间推移线虫入侵或多或少的分散情况，因为在同时注射固定剂量的 DJs 后也有记录。被包囊线虫的比例随着剂量增加（每只幼虫注射的 DJs 数量）而下降，从每只幼虫注射 1 个 DJs 时的约 80%降至每只幼虫注射 20 个 DJs 时的 33 - 34%。欧洲大蚊幼虫能够在血腔中包囊有无共生菌的线虫；然而，在每只幼虫注射 10 和 20 个 DJs 的剂量下，无菌线虫被包囊的频率低于单菌线虫。未被包囊的注射无菌线虫在欧洲大蚊幼虫中未发育，而是从昆虫血腔中消失。共生细菌的共同注射增加了无菌线虫的包囊，表明博维氏致病杆菌触发了欧洲大蚊对斯氏线虫的包囊反应。
