Marumoto T, Sotoyama M, Villanueva M B, Jonai H, Yamada H, Kanai A, Saito S
Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan.
Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 1997 May;101(5):393-9.
The relationship between failing eyesight and the sitting posture of young students while studying was studied quantitatively. Among the 19 students who participated in this study, 9 were classified as emmetropic and 10 were myopic. The mean age was 13.2 +/- 2.2 (mean +/- standard deviation) years. Viewing distance, neck angle, viewing angle, vertical gaze direction, and ocular surface area while studying were measured from the lateral and frontal view images of video recordings of the posture. Viewing distance, accommodative power, neck angle, viewing angle, near point, and log transformed visual acuity showed significant differences between these two groups (p < 0.001). Viewing distance of myopes (15.0 +/- 1.9 cm) (mean +/- standard desviation) is shorter than that of emmetropes (30.2 +/- 4.1 cm). Accommodative power of myopes was lower than that of emmetropes. Correlation analysis revealed that the viewing distance of students significantly correlates to neck angle, viewing angle, accommodative power, near point, and visual acuity (p < 0.01). It can be surmised that the failing eyesight of young students results from postural problems such as shortness of viewing distance and increased neck flexion.
对年轻学生学习时视力下降与坐姿之间的关系进行了定量研究。在参与本研究的19名学生中，9名被归类为正视眼，10名是近视眼。平均年龄为13.2±2.2（平均值±标准差）岁。通过姿势视频记录的侧视图和正视图图像测量学习时的观看距离、颈部角度、视角、垂直注视方向和眼表面积。观看距离、调节能力、颈部角度、视角、近点和对数转换视力在这两组之间存在显著差异（p<0.001）。近视眼的观看距离（15.0±1.9厘米）（平均值±标准差）比正视眼（30.2±4.1厘米）短。近视眼的调节能力低于正视眼。相关分析表明，学生的观看距离与颈部角度、视角、调节能力、近点和视力显著相关（p<0.01）。可以推测，年轻学生的视力下降是由观看距离短和颈部屈曲增加等姿势问题导致的。
