Pan Y, Lloyd C, Zhou H, Dolich S, Deeds J, Gonzalo J A, Vath J, Gosselin M, Ma J, Dussault B, Woolf E, Alperin G, Culpepper J, Gutierrez-Ramos J C, Gearing D
Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Nature. 1997 Jun 5;387(6633):611-7. doi: 10.1038/42491.
Chemokines are small secreted proteins that stimulate the directional migration of leukocytes and mediate inflammation. During screening of a murine choroid plexus complementary DNA library, we identified a new chemokine, designated neurotactin. Unlike other chemokines, neurotactin has a unique cysteine pattern, Cys-X-X-X-Cys, and is predicted to be a type 1 membrane protein. Full-length recombinant neurotactin is localized on the surface of transfected 293 cells. Recombinant neurotactin containing the chemokine domain is chemotactic for neutrophils both in vitro and in vivo. Neurotactin messenger RNA is predominantly expressed in normal murine brain and its protein expression in activated brain microglia is upregulated in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, as well as in mice treated with lipopolysaccharide. Distinct from all other chemokine genes, the neurotactin gene is localized to human chromosome 16q. Consequently we propose that neurotactin represents a new delta-chemokine family and that it may play a role in brain inflammation processes.
趋化因子是一类小的分泌蛋白，可刺激白细胞的定向迁移并介导炎症反应。在筛选小鼠脉络丛互补DNA文库的过程中，我们鉴定出一种新的趋化因子，命名为神经趋化素。与其他趋化因子不同，神经趋化素具有独特的半胱氨酸模式，即Cys-X-X-X-Cys，预计它是一种1型膜蛋白。全长重组神经趋化素定位于转染的293细胞表面。含有趋化因子结构域的重组神经趋化素在体外和体内对中性粒细胞均具有趋化作用。神经趋化素信使核糖核酸主要在正常小鼠脑中表达，在实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎小鼠以及用脂多糖处理的小鼠中，其在活化的脑小胶质细胞中的蛋白表达上调。与所有其他趋化因子基因不同，神经趋化素基因定位于人类染色体16q。因此，我们认为神经趋化素代表了一个新的δ趋化因子家族，并且它可能在脑部炎症过程中发挥作用。
