Everett S A, Colditz G A
Harvard Center for Cancer Prevention, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
J Community Health. 1997 Jun;22(3):175-83. doi: 10.1023/a:1025121024017.
Skin cancer is the most common malignancy in the United States accounting for more than 840,000 cases and 9,400 deaths annually. It is estimated that 90% of non-melanoma skin cancers and much of melanoma incidence can be attributed to sun exposure. The evidence suggests that regular use of sunscreen (Sun Protective Factor (SPF) of 15 or higher), wearing protective, tightly woven clothing and wide brimmed hats, and avoiding sun exposure when the ultraviolet rays are strongest (between 11:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m.) can dramatically reduce the risk of skin cancer. Interventions to promote sun-protection behaviors that target children and adults are necessary to reduce the growing incidence rate of skin cancer in the United States.
皮肤癌是美国最常见的恶性肿瘤，每年新增病例超过84万例，死亡9400人。据估计，90%的非黑色素瘤皮肤癌以及大部分黑色素瘤的发病都可归因于日晒。有证据表明，经常使用防晒霜（防晒系数15或更高）、穿着防护性强的紧密编织衣物和宽边帽，以及在紫外线最强时（上午11点至下午3点）避免日晒，可显著降低患皮肤癌的风险。为降低美国不断上升的皮肤癌发病率，针对儿童和成人推广防晒行为的干预措施十分必要。
