Baunin C, Puget C, Gafsi R
Service d'imagerie pédiatrique, hôpital Purpan, Toulouse, France.
Arch Pediatr. 1997;4 Suppl 1:14s-18s. doi: 10.1016/s0929-693x(97)86436-6.
Posterior urethral valves represent the most common form of congenital urethral obstruction; they are due to the presence of membranous recesses within the posterior urethra. Their consequences on the lower and upper urinary tract depend on the importance of the obstacle. Moderate forms have a late clinical onset in children who present with voiding disorders and a normal upper urinary tract; in such cases, the diagnosis is difficult since typical features are absent on the urethrocystogram. Radiological signs of urethral valves should be differentiated from congenital urethral strictures which are not obstructive and from bladder dysfunctions which modify both the bladder and the urethra during micturition.
后尿道瓣膜是先天性尿道梗阻最常见的形式；它们是由于后尿道内存在膜状凹陷所致。它们对下尿路和上尿路的影响取决于梗阻的严重程度。中度病例在儿童期临床发病较晚，表现为排尿障碍且上尿路正常；在这种情况下，由于尿道膀胱造影无典型特征，诊断较为困难。尿道瓣膜的放射学征象应与非梗阻性先天性尿道狭窄以及在排尿过程中同时影响膀胱和尿道的膀胱功能障碍相鉴别。
