Katz R B, Lanzoni S M
Harvard University, USA.
Brain Lang. 1997 Jun 1;58(1):46-60. doi: 10.1006/brln.1997.1766.
Poor oral reading in some cases of deep dyslexia could be due to difficulty in inhibiting the phonological lexical entries of words semantically related to the correct reading responses. If this is the case, then additional activation of the correct phonological entries should improve reading performance, whereas additional activation of competing entries should lead to errors. This should hold true for object naming as well as for reading, since both depend on a semantically mediated lexical route. These predictions were borne out with an "output" deep dyslexic patient, who made many semantic errors in both reading and naming. Providing phonetic cues (the initial portions of the correct responses) increased his reading and naming accuracy, and providing miscues (the initial portions of words related semantically to the correct responses) led to errors. Furthermore, when the patient was shown a printed word or pictured object and the examiner spoke a correct reading or naming response in isolation, the patient almost always accepted the response as correct, but he also judged that many semantically related foils were correct. Finally, a comparison of reading and naming errors suggested that "visual" errors may sometimes have a phonological basis.
在某些深度失读症病例中，朗读能力差可能是由于难以抑制与正确阅读反应在语义上相关的单词的语音词汇项。如果是这种情况，那么正确语音项的额外激活应该会提高阅读表现，而竞争项的额外激活则会导致错误。这对于物体命名和阅读都应该是成立的，因为两者都依赖于语义介导的词汇路径。这些预测在一位“输出型”深度失读症患者身上得到了证实，他在阅读和命名中都犯了许多语义错误。提供语音线索（正确反应的起始部分）提高了他的阅读和命名准确性，而提供错误线索（与正确反应在语义上相关的单词的起始部分）则导致了错误。此外，当向患者展示一个印刷单词或图片物体，并且检查者单独说出正确的阅读或命名反应时，患者几乎总是将该反应判断为正确，但他也认为许多语义相关的干扰项是正确的。最后，对阅读和命名错误的比较表明，“视觉”错误有时可能有语音基础。
