Kuhad R C, Singh A, Eriksson K E
Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India.
Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 1997;57:45-125. doi: 10.1007/BFb0102072.
One of natures most important biological processes is the degradation of lignocellulosic materials to carbon dioxide, water and humic substances. This implies possibilities to use biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry and consequently, the use of microorganisms and their enzymes to replace or supplement chemical methods is gaining interest. This chapter describes the structure of wood and the main wood components, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignins. The enzyme and enzyme mechanisms used by fungi and bacteria to modify and degrade these components are described in detail. Techniques for how to assay for these enzyme activities are also described. The possibilities for biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry and other fiber utilizing industries based on these enzymes are discussed.
自然界最重要的生物过程之一是木质纤维素材料降解为二氧化碳、水和腐殖质。这意味着在制浆造纸工业中应用生物技术的可能性，因此，利用微生物及其酶来替代或补充化学方法正日益受到关注。本章描述了木材的结构以及主要的木材成分，即纤维素、半纤维素和木质素。详细介绍了真菌和细菌用于修饰和降解这些成分的酶及其作用机制。还介绍了检测这些酶活性的技术。基于这些酶，讨论了生物技术在制浆造纸工业和其他纤维利用工业中的应用可能性。
