Domoua K, N'Dhatz M, Coulibaly G, Traoré F, Koffi J, Achi V, Cissé L, Kouamé S, Beugré L K, Konan J B, Yapi A
Service de Pneumo-phtisiologie, CHU de Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Rev Pneumol Clin. 1997;53(2):79-84.
Based on a selection of articles published in the literature and reports from international AIDS conferences, we present the main pulmonary complications of HIV-infection observed in sub-Saharan Africa. The different clinical studies demonstrate the predominance of infectious complications, mainly tuberculosis (29 to 44%) and bacterial pneumonia (21 to 35%). The frequency of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia remains low (5 to 19%). Other complications (mycobacterial infection, cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcus, aspergillosis, interstitial lymphoid pneumonia, Kaposi sarcoma) are less frequent. The autopsy studies report similar results and mention the predominance of tuberculosis and pneumonia due to common germs as well as the low frequency of pneumocystosis. This analysis of work conducted in sub-Saharan Africa clearly indicate that tuberculosis remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected patients.
基于文献中发表的一系列文章以及国际艾滋病会议的报告，我们呈现了在撒哈拉以南非洲观察到的艾滋病毒感染的主要肺部并发症。不同的临床研究表明，感染性并发症占主导，主要是结核病（29%至44%）和细菌性肺炎（21%至35%）。卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的发生率仍然较低（5%至19%）。其他并发症（分枝杆菌感染、巨细胞病毒、弓形虫病、隐球菌、曲霉菌病、间质性淋巴细胞肺炎、卡波西肉瘤）则较少见。尸检研究报告了类似的结果，并提及结核病和常见病菌所致肺炎占主导以及肺孢子虫病发生率较低。对在撒哈拉以南非洲开展的工作进行的这一分析清楚地表明，结核病仍然是艾滋病毒感染患者发病和死亡的主要原因。
