Lal P, Rajeshwari Devi R K
Department of Life Sciences, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal, India.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1997 Jul;107(1):2-11. doi: 10.1006/gcen.1997.6882.
At Imphal (24 degrees 44' N) testes of lal munia, Estrilda amandava, began in June/July, peaked in September/ October, and thereafter declined to a minimum in December/January. Daily im treatments of 2.5-10 mg/kg/ bird/30 days of naloxone during progressive phase suppressed testicular growth, but without effects during quiescent, peak, and regression phases. Daily morphine (5 mg/kg/bird) during progressive and peak phases stimulated testicular growth, but without effects during quiescent and regression phases. Daily morphine (10 mg/kg/bird) during progressive phase stimulated the testes, an effect reversed by daily im treatments of an equivalent dose of naloxone. Seasonal changes in body weight closely correlated with testicular size. Daily im naloxone (5 and 10 mg/kg/bird/30 days) during progressive phase inhibited the increased body weight, but had no effects during quiescent, peak, and regression phases. Morphine (5 mg/kg/bird/day) during progressive and peak phases increased body weight, but had no effects during quiescent and regression phases. Morphine (10 mg/kg/bird/day) during progressive phase increased body weight, an effect which was reversed by equivalent dose of naloxone. Plumage color increased progressively between May and August/September, was maintained during October, and thereafter declined to reach dull-brown henny feathers by December. Daily im naloxone (2.5-10 mg/kg/bird/30 days) regardless of the reproductive states did not affect plumage color cycle. Morphine (5 mg/kg/ bird/day) accelerated plumage pigmentation between June and August, but had no effect during progressive or peak phases. Postnuptial decline in plumage color was inhibited by morphine (5 and 10 mg/kg/bird/day) and naloxone failed to reverse this effect. It is concluded that in the lal munia, endogenous opioid peptides are important constituents of the neuroendocrine mechanisms that influence development of the testes and body weight.
在英帕尔（北纬24度44分），栗腹文鸟（Estrilda amandava）的睾丸发育于6月/7月开始，9月/10月达到峰值，此后在12月/1月降至最低水平。在渐进期，每天以2.5 - 10毫克/千克/只鸟的剂量给纳洛酮，持续30天，抑制了睾丸生长，但在静止期、高峰期和消退期没有影响。在渐进期和高峰期，每天给吗啡（5毫克/千克/只鸟）刺激了睾丸生长，但在静止期和消退期没有影响。在渐进期，每天给吗啡（10毫克/千克/只鸟）刺激了睾丸，等量纳洛酮的每日肌肉注射可逆转这种效应。体重的季节性变化与睾丸大小密切相关。在渐进期，每天肌肉注射纳洛酮（5和10毫克/千克/只鸟，持续30天）抑制了体重增加，但在静止期、高峰期和消退期没有影响。在渐进期和高峰期，吗啡（5毫克/千克/只鸟/天）增加了体重，但在静止期和消退期没有影响。在渐进期，吗啡（10毫克/千克/只鸟/天）增加了体重，等量纳洛酮可逆转这种效应。5月至8月/9月期间羽毛颜色逐渐加深，10月保持不变，此后逐渐变浅，到12月变为暗褐色雌鸟羽毛。无论生殖状态如何，每天肌肉注射纳洛酮（2.5 - 10毫克/千克/只鸟，持续30天）都不影响羽毛颜色周期。吗啡（5毫克/千克/只鸟/天）在6月至8月加速了羽毛色素沉着，但在渐进期或高峰期没有影响。婚后羽毛颜色的下降被吗啡（5和10毫克/千克/只鸟/天）抑制，纳洛酮未能逆转这种效应。得出的结论是，在栗腹文鸟中，内源性阿片肽是影响睾丸发育和体重的神经内分泌机制的重要组成部分。
