Metabolic flux distributions in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae during foreign protein production.

A stoichiometric flux balancing analysis was applied to the recombinant yeast cultivation to examine the cellular physiology and relationship between the production of heterologous protein and metabolic fluxes. The fluxes in the metabolic pathway within a recombinant S. cerevisiae grown on galactose alone or mixtures of galactose and ethanol medium were calculated. It is found that an amplification of the PP (Pentose Phosphate) pathway activity resulted in an improvement of the foreign protein expression and cell yield on ATP. The carbon source used for biosynthesis from TCA cycle in the exponential growth phase was 2 and 5-fold higher, respectively, as compared with that in the late exponential growth phase and stationary phase in batch culture with galactose minimum medium. The metabolism of ethanol together with galactose in the recombinant cell looks like increasing the flux from Acetyl-CoA to TCA cycle, and amplifying the flux directing the synthesis of various kinds of precursors such as amino acids and nucleic acid which are necessary for production of a foreign protein. Metabolic flux distribution analysis also shows that the ATP synthesis rate under substrate-level phosphorylation in the mixed carbon source cultivation was lower than that in the sole carbon source (galactose) during the expression of foreign protein. However, the total ATP production rate was higher in the mixed carbon source cultivation.