Lamvu G, Kuller J A
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Univeristy of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, USA.
Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1997 Jul;52(7):433-7. doi: 10.1097/00006254-199707000-00022.
Current prenatal diagnosis relies on invasive methods such as amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling. Because these methods carry a low, but finite risk of pregnancy loss, noninvasive genetic screening techniques are the focus of intense research. Isolating fetal cells from maternal blood for genetic analysis is the least invasive method currently being investigated. We discuss the various methods that have been used to isolate these cells. Nucleated red blood cells have emerged as the ideal fetal cell type. This is because they have the DNA material necessary for genetic analysis, they are consistently present in maternal blood, they can be easily identified based on their morphology, and they have a definite gestational life span.
目前的产前诊断依赖于羊膜穿刺术和绒毛取样等侵入性方法。由于这些方法导致流产的风险虽低但仍存在，所以非侵入性基因筛查技术成为了深入研究的焦点。从母血中分离胎儿细胞进行基因分析是目前正在研究的侵入性最小的方法。我们讨论了用于分离这些细胞的各种方法。有核红细胞已成为理想的胎儿细胞类型。这是因为它们具有基因分析所需的DNA物质，始终存在于母血中，基于其形态易于识别，并且具有明确的孕期寿命。
