个体性的转变。
Transitions in individuality.
作者信息
Michod R E, Roze D
机构信息
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
出版信息
Proc Biol Sci. 1997 Jun 22;264(1383):853-7. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1997.0119.
The evolution of multicellular organisms is the premier example of the integration of lower levels into a single, higher-level individual. Explaining the evolutionary transition from single cells to multicellular organisms is a major challenge for evolutionary theory. We provide an explicit two locus genetic framework for understanding this transition in terms of the increase of cooperation among cells and the regulation of conflict within the emerging organism. Heritability of fitness and individuality at the new level emerge as a result of the evolution of organismal functions that restrict the opportunity for conflict within and ensure cooperation among cells. Conflict leads, through the evolution of adaptations that reduce it, to greater individuality and harmony for the organism.
多细胞生物的进化是将较低层次整合为一个单一的、更高层次个体的首要例子。解释从单细胞到多细胞生物的进化转变是进化理论面临的一项重大挑战。我们提供了一个明确的双基因座遗传框架，以便从细胞间合作的增加以及新出现的生物体内部冲突的调节方面来理解这一转变。适应度和新层次上个体性的可遗传性是作为限制内部冲突机会并确保细胞间合作的生物体功能进化的结果而出现的。冲突通过减少冲突的适应性进化，使生物体具有更强的个体性与协调性。
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