Brinkmeier M L, Camper S A
Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0618, USA.
Genomics. 1997 Jul 1;43(1):9-14. doi: 10.1006/geno.1997.4781.
A major role of the peptide hormone somatostatin is inhibition of growth hormone secretion. The effects of somatostatin are mediated through five distinct G-protein-coupled receptors, each of which is expressed in the pituitary gland and other tissues. Allelic variation in the five somatostatin receptor genes (Smstr) could contribute to growth rate and overall body size. To evaluate this hypothesis we determined the chromosomal location of the Smstr genes. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms and single-strand conformational polymorphisms were used to follow the segregation of each gene in interspecific mouse backcrosses. Smstr1 through Smstr5 were localized to mouse chromosomes 12, 11, 15, 2, and 17, respectively. None of the Smstr genes colocalized with single gene mutations that affect growth. However, growth is a quantitative trait influenced by many genes and by the environment. Strains of mice selected for high and low growth have been exploited to identify chromosomal regions that modestly influence growth (J. Cheverud et a1., 1996, Genetics 142: 1305-1319). Several Smstr genes map within these regions, suggesting that they be considered candidate genes for these quantitative trait loci.
肽类激素生长抑素的一个主要作用是抑制生长激素的分泌。生长抑素的作用是通过五种不同的G蛋白偶联受体介导的，每种受体都在垂体和其他组织中表达。五种生长抑素受体基因（Smstr）的等位基因变异可能影响生长速率和整体体型。为了验证这一假设，我们确定了Smstr基因的染色体定位。利用限制性片段长度多态性和单链构象多态性来追踪每个基因在种间小鼠回交中的分离情况。Smstr1至Smstr5分别定位于小鼠的12号、11号、15号、2号和17号染色体上。没有一个Smstr基因与影响生长的单基因突变共定位。然而，生长是一个受许多基因和环境影响的数量性状。已利用选择了高生长和低生长的小鼠品系来鉴定对生长有适度影响的染色体区域（J. 切韦鲁德等人，1996年，《遗传学》142卷：1305 - 1319页）。几个Smstr基因定位于这些区域内，这表明它们可被视为这些数量性状位点的候选基因。
