Desjardins R N, Rogers J, Werker J F
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
J Exp Child Psychol. 1997 Jul;66(1):85-110. doi: 10.1006/jecp.1997.2379.
Preschoolers' perception of audiovisual speech is considerably less influenced by visual information than adults'. We test the hypothesis that experience correctly producing consonants plays a role in developing the underlying representation which mediates the perception of visible speech. We divided preschoolers into two groups: those who made substitution errors and those who did not. Using a newly developed methodology, we tested substituters, nonsubstituters, and adults in an auditory-only condition, a visual-only condition, and an audiovisual condition. There were no differences among groups in the auditory-only condition. Overall, children still showed less visual influence than adults. Among the children, substituters were poorer at lip-reading in the visual-only condition and showed less visual influence on the incongruent audiovisual tokens than did nonsubstituters. These results support our hypothesis that experience correctly producing consonants plays a role in the elaboration of the underlying representation.
与成年人相比，学龄前儿童对视听言语的感知受视觉信息的影响要小得多。我们检验了这样一个假设：正确发出辅音的经验在发展介导可见言语感知的潜在表征中发挥作用。我们将学龄前儿童分为两组：犯替换错误的儿童和未犯替换错误的儿童。使用一种新开发的方法，我们在仅听觉条件、仅视觉条件和视听条件下对犯替换错误的儿童、未犯替换错误的儿童和成年人进行了测试。在仅听觉条件下，各组之间没有差异。总体而言，儿童受视觉的影响仍小于成年人。在儿童中，犯替换错误的儿童在仅视觉条件下的唇读能力较差，并且与未犯替换错误的儿童相比，在不一致的视听信号上受视觉的影响较小。这些结果支持了我们的假设，即正确发出辅音的经验在潜在表征的细化过程中发挥作用。
