Biritwum R B, Sylla M, Diarra T, Amankwa J, Brika G P, Assogba L A, Traore M O
Department of Community Health, Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1997 Apr;91(3):297-305. doi: 10.1080/00034989761148.
Invermectin distribution by the Onchocerciasis Control Programme (OCP) was assessed in Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana and Togo, in terms of the proportion of villages which had been treated and the proportion of villagers in each village treated in the last round who had actually received treatment. These proportions were evaluated both for treatment in the last round of ivermectin distribution and for treatment since the beginning of the drug's distribution in each country. During the last treatment round, 97 (74.6%) of the 130 selected villages investigated in the four countries had received ivermectin treatment, and 67.2% of the members of these 97 treated communities had taken ivermectin. In general, higher percentages of the members of treated villages in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana had been treated [with mean (S.D.) percentage values of 72.0 (5.2) and 71.6 (4.6), respectively] than in those of Togo [61.8 (5.6)] or Benin [64.2 (4.6)]. Overall, 893 (26.1%) of those interviewed had never received treatment since the beginning of ivermectin distribution but 29.4% had received all the annual treatments. The main reason for non-treatment during the last treatment round was absence from village (54.5% of those not treated), followed by non-eligibility (i.e. pregnant women and young children; 12.2%), refusal to take treatment (2.6%), and shortage of drugs (1.9%). Community approval for the programme was demonstrated when all treated individuals, including those who were absent at the last treatment round, said they would take the ivermectin during the next treatment. During the last treatment round, members of the community assisted in the distribution of the ivermectin tablets in 69 (71.1%) of the 97 treated villages which were investigated. Although only 26 (26.8%) of these 97 villages preferred community-based distribution of ivermectin to the 'mobile' method, it is believed that, with good education and efficient organization, the communities could be encouraged to undertake community distribution.
在贝宁、科特迪瓦、加纳和多哥，根据接受治疗的村庄比例以及上一轮接受治疗的每个村庄中实际接受治疗的村民比例，对盘尾丝虫病控制计划（OCP）分发伊维菌素的情况进行了评估。这些比例针对伊维菌素分发的上一轮治疗以及自该药物在每个国家开始分发以来的治疗情况进行了评估。在上一轮治疗期间，在这四个国家调查的130个选定村庄中，有97个（74.6%）接受了伊维菌素治疗，在这97个接受治疗的社区中，67.2%的成员服用了伊维菌素。总体而言，科特迪瓦和加纳接受治疗的村庄中接受治疗的成员比例更高[平均（标准差）百分比值分别为72.0（5.2）和71.6（4.6）]，高于多哥[61.8（5.6）]或贝宁[64.2（4.6）]。总体而言，自伊维菌素分发开始以来，893名（26.1%）受访者从未接受过治疗，但29.4%的人接受了所有年度治疗。上一轮治疗期间未接受治疗的主要原因是不在村里（未接受治疗者的54.5%），其次是不符合资格（即孕妇和幼儿；12.2%）、拒绝接受治疗（2.6%）和药物短缺（1.9%）。当所有接受治疗的个人，包括在上一轮治疗时不在场的人，表示他们将在下一轮治疗时服用伊维菌素时，表明社区对该计划表示认可。在上一轮治疗期间，在调查的97个接受治疗的村庄中，有69个（71.1%）的社区成员协助分发伊维菌素片剂。尽管在这97个村庄中，只有26个（26.8%）更喜欢基于社区的伊维菌素分发方式而不是“流动”方式，但据信，通过良好的教育和有效的组织，可以鼓励社区进行社区分发。
