Cormier Y, Duchaine C, Israël-Assayag E, Bédard G, Laviolette M, Dosman J
Unité de Recherche, Centre de Pneumologie, Hôpital and Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.
Eur Respir J. 1997 Jul;10(7):1516-22. doi: 10.1183/09031936.97.10071516.
Exposure to swine confinement buildings has a negative impact on respiratory health. A short exposure to this environment results in an acute airway inflammatory response. The present study was performed to confirm and further define the acute effects of working in a swine building, and to determine whether these effects are reproducible. Seven previously nonexposed normal subjects underwent evaluations that included hourly measurement of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), methacholine challenge (the provocative concentration producing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20)), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), nasal lavage (NL), and blood analyses, before (control) and after each of two 5 h exposures to a swine building environment. The exposures were conducted 8 days apart. The levels of total dust, endotoxins, and ammonia (NH3) in the confinement building were measured on each day of exposure. Both exposures resulted in a significant reduction in FEV1 (mean+/-SEM change in FEV1: control = 7+/-2%; exposure 1 = 15+/-3%; exposure 2 = 23+/-3%), decrease in PC20 (median value (25th-75th percentile): 223 (23-256), 20 (15-198) and 20 (11-71), respectively; p=0.05) and increase in BAL cells (129+/-20, 451+/-43 and 511+/-103x10(3) cells x mL(-1), respectively) and NL cells (6+/-4, 126+/-58 and 103+/-26x10(3) cells x mL(-1), respectively), mostly neutrophils. Levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), but not interleukin-1 (IL-1) or tumour necrosis factors (TNF-alpha), increased both in BAL and nasal fluids with exposure. In normal naive subjects, repeated exposure to the environment of a swine building induced a marked and reproducible reduction in forced expiratory volume in one second, increase in airway responsiveness, and increased neutrophilic inflammatory response. These results could not be accounted for by any of the environmental factors measured.
接触猪舍会对呼吸健康产生负面影响。短时间接触这种环境会引发急性气道炎症反应。本研究旨在证实并进一步明确在猪舍工作的急性影响，并确定这些影响是否具有可重复性。七名此前未接触过的正常受试者在两次每次5小时接触猪舍环境之前（对照）和之后，接受了包括每小时测量一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、乙酰甲胆碱激发试验（使FEV1下降20%的激发浓度（PC20））、支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）、鼻腔灌洗（NL）以及血液分析在内的评估。两次接触间隔8天。在每次接触日测量猪舍内的总粉尘、内毒素和氨（NH3）水平。两次接触均导致FEV1显著降低（FEV1的平均±标准误变化：对照 = 7±2%；接触1 = 15±3%；接触2 = 23±3%），PC20降低（中位数（第25 - 75百分位数）：分别为223（23 - 256）、20（15 - 198）和20（11 - 71）；p = 0.05），BAL细胞增加（分别为129±20、451±43和511±103×10³个细胞×mL⁻¹）以及NL细胞增加（分别为6±4、126±58和103±26×10³个细胞×mL⁻¹），主要为中性粒细胞。随着接触，BAL液和鼻液中的白细胞介素-8（IL - 8）水平升高，但白细胞介素-1（IL - 1）或肿瘤坏死因子（TNF -α）水平未升高。在正常未接触过的受试者中，重复接触猪舍环境会导致一秒用力呼气量显著且可重复地降低、气道反应性增加以及中性粒细胞炎症反应增强。这些结果无法用所测量的任何环境因素来解释。
