Thomas N, John G T, Jacob C K
Department of Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India.
Natl Med J India. 1997 May-Jun;10(3):117-9.
Hyperkalaemia is a common metabolic disorder; if left untreated it can lead to life-threatening consequences. We conducted this study to determine the common aetiological factors for hyperkalaemia in hospital inpatients.
This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in a referral teaching hospital in south India. One hundred and forty-three patients with hyperkalaemia (> 5 mEq/L) were selected on 20 random week days over a 3-month period. All the patients were clinically and biochemically evaluated for the aetiology of hyperkalaemia.
Hyperkalaemia was twice as common amongst males. Potassium supplementation and drugs were the leading causes for hyperkalaemia, with renal failure being a distant second. Hyperkalaemia developed after admission to hospital in more than 75% of the patients. Severe hyperkalaemia (> 6 mEq/L) was seen in one-third of the patients.
Potassium supplementation and other iatrogenic conditions lead to hyperkalaemia in inpatients. Males are at increased risk for hyperkalaemia.
高钾血症是一种常见的代谢紊乱疾病；若不治疗，可导致危及生命的后果。我们开展这项研究以确定住院患者高钾血症的常见病因。
这项前瞻性横断面研究在印度南部的一家转诊教学医院进行。在3个月期间的20个随机工作日，选取了143例高钾血症患者（血钾>5 mEq/L）。对所有患者进行了高钾血症病因的临床和生化评估。
高钾血症在男性中更为常见，发生率是女性的两倍。补钾和药物是高钾血症的主要原因，肾衰竭是远低于二者的第二大原因。超过75%的患者在入院后出现高钾血症。三分之一的患者出现严重高钾血症（血钾>6 mEq/L）。
补钾及其他医源性因素导致住院患者发生高钾血症。男性发生高钾血症的风险更高。
