Dressler W W, Bindon J R, Gilliland M J
University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35487, USA.
Med Anthropol. 1996 Dec;17(2):165-80. doi: 10.1080/01459740.1996.9966134.
Native American populations in North America are at increased risk of a variety of health problems, including (but not limited to) diabetes. This risk is presumed to be a result of the interaction of environmental influences with a population genetic susceptibility. Anthropologists have subsumed those environmental influences under the term "acculturation." Here, we break that broad concept into physical, behavioral, and sociocultural components in an examination of the correlates of arterial blood pressure and plasma glucose among the Mississippi Choctaw. In a sample of 93 adults, higher plasma glucose was associated with the lower physical activity, higher body mass index, and higher lifestyle incongruity, after controlling for age, sex, and recency of food consumption. Higher arterial blood pressure was associated with higher body mass index and being single. These results suggest that the risk of disordered glucose metabolism within this Native American population is associated with acculturation broadly construed, but that refined models of health and disease must take into account the multiple dimensions of this concept. Physical, behavioral, and sociocultural factors combine to describe more precisely the concept of acculturation, and hence the factors contributing to the risk of disease in Native American communities.
北美原住民面临着各种健康问题的风险增加，包括（但不限于）糖尿病。这种风险被认为是环境影响与群体遗传易感性相互作用的结果。人类学家将这些环境影响归入“文化适应”这一术语之下。在此，我们在对密西西比乔克托族的动脉血压和血糖相关性进行研究时，将这一宽泛的概念细分为身体、行为和社会文化组成部分。在一个由93名成年人组成的样本中，在控制了年龄、性别和最近的食物摄入量后，较高的血糖与较低的身体活动水平、较高的体重指数以及较高的生活方式不一致性相关。较高的动脉血压与较高的体重指数和单身相关。这些结果表明，在这个美洲原住民群体中，葡萄糖代谢紊乱的风险与广义上的文化适应相关，但健康和疾病的精确模型必须考虑到这一概念的多个维度。身体、行为和社会文化因素相结合，更精确地描述了文化适应的概念，从而也描述了导致美洲原住民社区疾病风险的因素。
