Wyler D, Hochmeister M, Zollinger U
Institut für Rechtsmedizin der Universität Bern.
Ther Umsch. 1997 May;54(5):225-31.
Two vital tasks have to be taken into account in the examination of a victim and, if necessary, of one or more suspects also: Firstly, medical evidence must be reliably obtained, and secondly, the knowledge based on the findings obtained must, as soon as the victim has decided to notify the police, be interpreted in an expert form so that apart from explaining the criminal matters to an examining judge, i.e. a medical layman, it allows a legal assessment of the incident. Doctors in general practice and working in hospitals may occasionally be entrusted with the examination of sexual assault victims. As a rule, a forensic examination is only performed if a victim has notified the police and this examination and opinion are requested by the police or court. The most pressing medical task in such examinations is to confirm the assault and to undertake correct documentation and exhibition of biological traces. As has been shown by regular questioning of doctors, there is considerable uncertainty concerning the nature and method of correct documentation of the findings as well as the techniques for preparing exhibits. Each institute of forensic medicine in Switzerland maintains a flying service and keeps doctors available for advice round the clock; they can best be contacted through the emergency numbers of the local police forces.
在对受害者进行检查时，如有必要，也对一名或多名嫌疑人进行检查时，必须考虑两项至关重要的任务：首先，必须可靠地获取医学证据；其次，一旦受害者决定报警，基于所获检查结果的知识必须以专家形式进行解读，以便除了向预审法官（即医学外行）解释犯罪事项外，还能对该事件进行法律评估。一般执业医生和医院医生偶尔可能会受托对性侵犯受害者进行检查。通常情况下，只有在受害者报警且警方或法院要求进行此项检查并出具意见时，才会进行法医检查。此类检查中最紧迫的医学任务是确认性侵行为，并正确记录和展示生物痕迹。通过对医生的定期询问发现，在检查结果的正确记录性质和方法以及展品制备技术方面存在相当大的不确定性。瑞士的每个法医学研究所都设有快速响应服务，并随时有医生提供咨询；通过当地警察部队的紧急号码可以最好地联系到他们。
