Lin D L, Chen C Y, Shaw K P, Havier R, Lin R L
Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taipei Medical College, Taiwan (ROC).
J Anal Toxicol. 1997 Jul-Aug;21(4):258-61. doi: 10.1093/jat/21.4.258.
Two hundred and twenty-three vitreous humor specimens, which were obtained from a medical examiner's office, were found to be opiate positive (cutoff, 50 ng/mL) by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. All samples were analyzed for their free codeine, morphine, and 6-acetylmorphine contents by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry protocol. 6-Acetylmorphine was found (cutoff, 10 ng/mL) in 41 specimens in the concentration range of 10-125 ng/mL. Twenty specimens had a free codeine-free morphine concentration ratio > or = 1. Eighty-five samples that were found to contain 50 ng/mL free morphine were further analyzed for their total codeine and total morphine contents. Total codeine-total morphine concentration ratios in 8 (of the 85 samples) were > or = 1, whereas this ratio in the others (only those with a codeine concentration high than 15 ng/mL were included) was significantly lower than 1. The codeine-morphine concentration ratio in vitreous humor appears to resemble that reported for blood and urine and can be used as the basis for differentiating between codeine- and morphine- (heroin-) induced fatalities.
从法医办公室获取的223份玻璃体液样本，通过荧光偏振免疫测定法检测发现呈阿片类阳性（临界值为50纳克/毫升）。所有样本通过气相色谱 - 质谱分析法检测游离可待因、吗啡和6 - 乙酰吗啡的含量。在41份样本中检测到6 - 乙酰吗啡（临界值为10纳克/毫升），浓度范围为10 - 125纳克/毫升。20份样本的游离可待因与游离吗啡浓度比≥1。对85份检测出含有50纳克/毫升游离吗啡的样本进一步分析其总可待因和总吗啡含量。85份样本中的8份总可待因与总吗啡浓度比≥1，而其他样本（仅包括可待因浓度高于15纳克/毫升的样本）该比例显著低于1。玻璃体液中的可待因 - 吗啡浓度比似乎与血液和尿液中报告的情况相似，可作为区分可待因和吗啡（海洛因）所致死亡的依据。
