Harrenstien L A, Munson L, Ramsay E C, Lucash C F, Kania S A, Potgieter L N
Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37901, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 1997 Jul;33(3):600-5. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-33.3.600.
Twenty captive red wolves (Canis rufus), including 16 intended for release into Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Cades Cove, Tennessee (USA), and four housed at Knoxville Zoological Gardens, Inc., Knoxville, Tennessee, were evaluated for immunologic response to vaccination between June 1994 and April 1995. Wolves were vaccinated with modified-live (MLV) canine distemper virus (CDV) and canine parvovirus type-2 (CPV2). Sera were collected, and immunofluorescent staining was performed for determination of immunoglobulin titers (CDV IgM, CDV IgG, and CPV2 IgG). A capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed for validation purposes, to confirm the reactivity of our standard diagnostic reagents with red wolf serum. All wolves produced a measurable antibody response to CDV and CPV2 vaccination. Titers against CDV and CPV2 varied widely among individual wolves, but between-litter differences in mean titers were not significant. No consistent response between the degree of response to CDV versus CPV2 vaccination was observed in individual wolves. No differences were seen between IgG responses of pups vaccinated with univalent vaccines given concurrently or during alternating weeks. Pups had an IgG response to CDV and CPV2 vaccination as early as 9 wk of age. Mean post-vaccination IgG titers against CDV were at or above the level normally measured in vaccinated domestic dogs. Mean post-vaccination IgG titers against CPV2 were below the level normally measured in domestic dogs. Adult previously-vaccinated wolves had measurable CDV and CPV2 IgG titers more than 1 yr after vaccination, but did not have significant IgG titer increases after revaccination. We conclude that red wolves are capable of producing an antibody response after vaccination with commercial canine products but that their response to CPV2 vaccination was minimal. This response can be assayed using tests developed for domestic dogs.
1994年6月至1995年4月期间，对20只圈养的红狼（Canis rufus）进行了评估，以确定它们对疫苗接种的免疫反应。这些红狼中，16只准备放归美国田纳西州大烟山国家公园的卡兹湾，另外4只饲养在田纳西州诺克斯维尔动物园。红狼接种了犬瘟热病毒（CDV）和2型犬细小病毒（CPV2）的改良活疫苗（MLV）。采集血清，并进行免疫荧光染色以测定免疫球蛋白滴度（CDV IgM、CDV IgG和CPV2 IgG）。为了验证，进行了捕获酶联免疫吸附试验，以确认我们的标准诊断试剂与红狼血清的反应性。所有红狼对CDV和CPV2疫苗接种均产生了可测量的抗体反应。个体红狼对CDV和CPV2的滴度差异很大，但同窝幼崽平均滴度之间的差异不显著。在个体红狼中，未观察到对CDV和CPV2疫苗接种反应程度之间的一致关系。同时或交替周接种单价疫苗的幼崽，其IgG反应之间没有差异。幼崽早在9周龄时就对CDV和CPV2疫苗接种产生了IgG反应。接种疫苗后，针对CDV的平均IgG滴度达到或高于正常接种家犬的水平。接种疫苗后，针对CPV2的平均IgG滴度低于正常家犬的水平。先前接种过疫苗的成年红狼在接种后1年多仍有可测量的CDV和CPV2 IgG滴度，但再次接种后IgG滴度没有显著增加。我们得出结论，红狼接种商用犬用产品疫苗后能够产生抗体反应，但它们对CPV2疫苗接种的反应很小。这种反应可以使用为家犬开发的检测方法进行检测。
