Klem M L, Wing R R, McGuire M T, Seagle H M, Hill J O
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Aug;66(2):239-46. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/66.2.239.
The National Weight Control Registry (NWCR) is, to the best of our knowledge, the largest study of individuals successful at long-term maintenance of weight loss. Despite extensive histories of overweight, the 629 women and 155 men in the registry lost an average of 30 kg and maintained a required minimum weight loss of 13.6 kg for 5 y. A little over one-half of the sample lost weight through formal programs; the remainder lost weight on their own. Both groups reported having used both diet and exercise to lose weight and nearly 77% of the sample reported that a triggering event had preceded their successful weight loss. Mean (+/-SD) current consumption reported by registry members was 5778 +/- 2200 kJ/d, with 24 +/- 9% of energy from fat, Members also appear to be highly active: they reported expending approximately 11830 kJ/wk through physical activity. Surprisingly, 42% of the sample reported that maintaining their weight loss was less difficult than losing weight. Nearly all registry members indicated that weight loss led to improvements in their level of energy, physical mobility, general mood, self-confidence, and physical health. In summary, the NWCR identified a large sample of individuals who were highly successful at maintaining weight loss. Future prospective studies will determine variables that predict continued maintenance of weight loss.
据我们所知，国家体重控制登记处（NWCR）是对成功长期维持体重减轻的个体进行的规模最大的研究。尽管登记处的629名女性和155名男性有长期超重的经历，但他们平均减重30千克，并在5年时间里维持了至少13.6千克的体重减轻。略超过一半的样本通过正规项目减重；其余的人自行减重。两组都报告称通过饮食和运动来减重，近77%的样本报告称在成功减重之前有一个触发事件。登记处成员报告的当前平均（±标准差）摄入量为5778±2200千焦/天，其中24±9%的能量来自脂肪。成员们似乎也非常活跃：他们报告称通过体育活动每周消耗约11830千焦能量。令人惊讶的是，42%的样本报告称维持体重减轻比减重更轻松。几乎所有登记处成员都表示，体重减轻使他们的精力水平、身体活动能力、总体情绪、自信心和身体健康都得到了改善。总之，NWCR确定了大量在维持体重减轻方面非常成功的个体样本。未来的前瞻性研究将确定预测持续维持体重减轻情况的变量。
