Marini M A, Cavalcanti R B
Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de Brasília, DF.
Rev Bras Biol. 1996 Nov;56(4):749-54.
Habitat burning may cause significant population and community changes in animals and plants, specially when the humans increase fire frequency. We mist-netted the understory birds of a gallery forest from the cerrado region of central Brazil before and after a fire of unknown cause which burned the Ecological Reserve of the University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, in September 1987. We conducted mist-netting mostly during the morning, using 12 mist-nets distributed on 2.5 ha in the interior and border of the forest. We captured 137 individuals of 37 species, 51 individuals of 21 species during 135.5 net/h before the fire, and 98 individuals of 33 species during 233 net/h after the fire. The bird community as a whole did not change after the fire. The observed changes in the bird community were related to the type of habitat used by some species of birds than to their diet. Species typical to gallery forests are probably less adapted to habitat burning than species that occur in other habitats and may be suffering a decrease or a disturbance in their population structure, revealing an important problem of cerrado bird conservation.
栖息地燃烧可能会导致动植物种群和群落发生显著变化，尤其是当人类增加火灾发生频率时。1987年9月，一场不明原因的火灾烧毁了巴西利亚大学位于巴西利亚联邦区的生态保护区，在此之前和之后，我们在巴西中部塞拉多地区一片长廊林的林下对鸟类进行了雾网捕捉。我们主要在上午进行雾网捕捉，在森林内部和边缘2.5公顷的区域布置了12个雾网。火灾前，我们在135.5网时/小时的时间里捕获了37种鸟类的137只个体，21种鸟类的51只个体；火灾后，在233网时/小时的时间里捕获了33种鸟类的98只个体。火灾后鸟类群落整体没有变化。观察到的鸟类群落变化与某些鸟类所使用的栖息地类型有关，而非与它们的饮食有关。长廊林特有的物种可能比其他栖息地的物种更不适应栖息地燃烧，其种群结构可能正在减少或受到干扰，这揭示了塞拉多鸟类保护的一个重要问题。
