Chung K T, Kirkovsky L, Kirkovsky A, Purcell W P
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Sciences, University of Memphis, TN, USA.
Mutat Res. 1997 Aug;387(1):1-16. doi: 10.1016/s1383-5742(97)00019-7.
Monocyclic aromatic amines (MAAs) are environmental pollutants. Many of them are genotoxic and impose hazards to human health. The mutagenicity of more than 80 of these amines was reviewed with primary emphasis on evaluation by the Ames Salmonella/microsome testing system. Many amines are mutagenic in Salmonella tester strains TA98 and TA100, but S9 mix is required for activity for most of the active ones. 2,4-Diaminotoluene, 2,4-diaminoethylbenzene, and a few amines containing a nitro-group are direct mutagens. There are several quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models which rationalize mutagenicity of many aromatic amines and several parameters, such as the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (ELUMO), highest occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO), and hydrophobicity that are important. What factors determine the minimum requirement for the compound to be mutagenic and what factors determine the extent of mutagenicity suggest questions for further study.
单环芳香胺（MAAs）是环境污染物。其中许多具有基因毒性，对人类健康构成危害。对80多种此类胺的致突变性进行了综述，主要侧重于通过艾姆斯沙门氏菌/微粒体检测系统进行评估。许多胺在沙门氏菌测试菌株TA98和TA100中具有致突变性，但大多数活性胺的活性需要S9混合物。2,4-二氨基甲苯、2,4-二氨基乙苯和一些含硝基的胺是直接诱变剂。有几个定量构效关系（QSAR）模型可解释许多芳香胺的致突变性，几个参数，如最低未占分子轨道能量（ELUMO）、最高占分子轨道能量（EHOMO）和疏水性很重要。哪些因素决定化合物致突变的最低要求，哪些因素决定致突变性的程度，这提出了有待进一步研究的问题。
