Araiza J, Araiza B
Department of Emergency Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1997 Aug;15(3):507-26. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8627(05)70315-1.
Nonenhanced CT scan remains the most valuable and available neuroimaging study available in the ED. Nonenhanced CT scans are excellent for identifying acute hemorrhage, mass lesions, hydrocephalus, and cerebral edema. It is of limited value in identifying old blood, small abscesses and tumors, arteriovenous malformations, and aneurysms; in these cases, either enhancement of the CT or MR imaging may be preferable. The role of MR imaging is evolving and is becoming a neuroimaging modality more easily available to the emergency physician. When available, it is the preferred neuroimaging study for ischemic infarcts, lacunar infarcts, and encephalitis.
非增强CT扫描仍是急诊室中最有价值且可获取的神经影像学检查。非增强CT扫描对于识别急性出血、占位性病变、脑积水和脑水肿非常出色。在识别陈旧性出血、小脓肿和肿瘤、动静脉畸形及动脉瘤方面价值有限；在这些情况下，CT增强扫描或磁共振成像（MR成像）可能更可取。MR成像的作用正在不断演变，正成为急诊医生更容易获得的一种神经影像学检查方式。若可进行MR成像，它是缺血性梗死、腔隙性梗死和脑炎的首选神经影像学检查。
