Marrazzo J M, Fine D, Celum C L, DeLisle S, Handsfield H H
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Fam Plann Perspect. 1997 Jul-Aug;29(4):158-62.
Selective screening has been associated with marked declines in the prevalence of chlamydial infection, the most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the United States. A comparison of the performance of different selective screening criteria in three groups of family planning and STD clinic clients shows that criteria recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention performed well overall, detecting 88-89% of infections by screening 58-74% of women. Criteria based on age alone performed best among low-risk clients with a low prevalence of chlamydial infection, particularly when all women younger than age 25 were screened (sensitivity, 84-92%); the age-based criteria still required screening only 59-71% of all women. Selective screening criteria should be based on age, risk profile and chlamydia prevalence in specific clinical settings, and should be reevaluated as chlamydia prevalence declines.
在美国，选择性筛查与衣原体感染患病率的显著下降有关，衣原体感染是最常见的细菌性性传播疾病（STD）。对三组计划生育和性病门诊患者中不同选择性筛查标准的性能进行比较后发现，疾病控制与预防中心推荐的标准总体表现良好，通过筛查58%-74%的女性检测出了88%-89%的感染病例。仅基于年龄的标准在衣原体感染患病率较低的低风险患者中表现最佳，尤其是对所有25岁以下女性进行筛查时（敏感性为84%-92%）；基于年龄的标准仍只需对所有女性中的59%-71%进行筛查。选择性筛查标准应基于特定临床环境中的年龄、风险状况和衣原体患病率，并应随着衣原体患病率的下降而重新评估。
