Beier K H, Rusnak R A
Department of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55416-1829, USA.
J Emerg Med. 1997 May-Jun;15(3):303-7. doi: 10.1016/s0736-4679(97)00009-7.
Actinomycosis is a chronic-suppurative disease characterized by abscesses and draining sinus tracts, with fibrosis and granulation involving the face and neck and thoracic or pelvic-abdominal regions. Dermatological findings in patients at high risk are the key to the correct diagnosis. Actinomycosis is frequently undiagnosed or misdiagnosed until the correct diagnosis is made after surgical resection. Alcoholic, homeless, and disadvantaged individuals and patients with other factors predisposing to infection including poor dentition, alcoholism, seizures, and trauma are common in the emergency department; thus, emergency physicians should be aware of the different presentations and complications of this disease. The treatment of choice is a high dose of penicillin in conjunction with surgical debridement. The prognosis is excellent with correct diagnosis and therapy.
放线菌病是一种慢性化脓性疾病，其特征为脓肿和引流窦道，伴有面部、颈部以及胸腹部区域的纤维化和肉芽组织形成。高危患者的皮肤表现是正确诊断的关键。放线菌病在手术切除后做出正确诊断之前常常未被诊断或误诊。酗酒者、无家可归者、弱势群体以及有其他易感染因素（包括牙列不良、酗酒、癫痫发作和外伤）的患者在急诊科很常见；因此，急诊医生应了解这种疾病的不同表现和并发症。治疗的首选方法是大剂量青霉素联合手术清创。正确的诊断和治疗预后良好。
