Smid H G, Jakob A, Heinze H J
Otto-von-Guericke University, Medical Faculty, Clinic for Neurophysiology, Magdeburg, Germany.
Percept Psychophys. 1997 Jul;59(5):693-713. doi: 10.3758/bf03206016.
In this paper, we examine whether color and shape, tied to a single object in space, (1) are identified and selected in series or in parallel, (2) are identified and selected in a dependent, self-terminating manner or in an independent and exhaustive manner, and (3) are conjoined by a feature integration process before or only after an initial stage of separate attribute analyses has finished. We measured response time and the selection negativity (SN) derived from event-related brain potentials when participants responded to a unique conjunction of color and shape in a go/no-go target detection task. The discriminability of the color and the shape of the conjunction was manipulated in three conditions. When color and shape were easy to discriminate, the SNs to color and shape started at the same time. When one attribute was less discriminable the SN to that attribute started later, but not the SN to the complementary attribute. This suggests that color and shape are identified and selected in parallel. In all three discriminability conditions, the SNs to color and shape were initially independent but later interacted. This suggests that color and shape are initially selected independently and exhaustively, after which their conjunction is analyzed. The SN to local shape features started later than that to the conjunction of color and global shape features, which suggests that feature integration can start before the analyses of the separate attributes have finished.
在本文中，我们研究了与空间中的单个物体相关联的颜色和形状，（1）是按顺序还是并行地被识别和选择，（2）是以依赖的、自终止的方式还是以独立且详尽的方式被识别和选择，以及（3）是在单独属性分析的初始阶段完成之前还是之后，通过特征整合过程结合在一起。在一个“是/否”目标检测任务中，当参与者对颜色和形状的独特组合做出反应时，我们测量了反应时间以及从事件相关脑电位得出的选择负波（SN）。在三种条件下操纵了颜色和形状组合的可辨别性。当颜色和形状易于辨别时，对颜色和形状的SN同时开始。当一个属性较难辨别时，对该属性的SN开始得较晚，但对互补属性的SN并非如此。这表明颜色和形状是并行地被识别和选择。在所有三种可辨别性条件下，对颜色和形状的SN最初是独立的，但后来相互作用。这表明颜色和形状最初是独立且详尽地被选择，之后再对它们的组合进行分析。对局部形状特征的SN比对颜色和全局形状特征组合的SN开始得晚，这表明特征整合可以在单独属性的分析完成之前就开始。
