饮食失调的一级预防：是否弊大于利？
Primary prevention of eating disorders: might it do more harm than good?
作者信息
Carter J C, Stewart D A, Dunn V J, Fairburn C G
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Oxford University, Warneford Hospital, United Kingdom.
出版信息
Int J Eat Disord. 1997 Sep;22(2):167-72. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1098-108x(199709)22:2<167::aid-eat8>3.0.co;2-d.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate a new school-based eating disorder prevention program designed to reduce dietary restraint.
METHOD
Forty-six school-girls, aged 13-14 years, took part. The intervention consisted of eight weekly sessions of 45 min duration. A battery of self-report questionnaires was administered before and after the intervention and 6 months later.
RESULTS
Unlike previous prevention studies, there was not only an increase in knowledge at postintervention but there was also a decrease in target behavior and attitudes. However, these effects were short-lived since they had disappeared 6 months later: indeed, at 6-month follow-up there was an increase in dietary restraint compared with baseline.
DISCUSSION
These findings suggest that the intervention had been counterproductive since it led to an increase in dietary restraint. They imply that school-based prevention programs may do more harm than good.
目的
本试点研究的目的是评估一项新的以学校为基础的饮食失调预防计划，该计划旨在减少饮食限制。
方法
46名年龄在13至14岁的女学生参与其中。干预措施包括为期八周、每周时长45分钟的课程。在干预前后以及6个月后，实施了一系列自我报告问卷。
结果
与之前的预防研究不同，干预后不仅知识有所增加，目标行为和态度也有所减少。然而，这些效果是短暂的，因为6个月后它们就消失了：事实上，在6个月的随访中，与基线相比，饮食限制有所增加。
讨论
这些发现表明，该干预产生了适得其反的效果，因为它导致了饮食限制的增加。这意味着以学校为基础的预防计划可能弊大于利。
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