West J A, Drewe R H, McNab A A
Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1997 May;25(2):117-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.1997.tb01292.x.
The commonset choristomatous cysts of the orbit are dermoid and epidermoid cysts, which are lined by kerantinizing squamous epithelium. They typically occur in the superior orbit, most commonly superotemporally. Other types, lined by different epithelia, and other orbital sites are much less common.
Five cases of atypical orbita cystic choristomas that presented over the past 6 years are reported. The clinical and radiological features, surgical approach and findings, and histology, are described. Similar cases from the literature are reviewed and possible aetiology discussed.
Four of the cysts were lined by a non-keratinizing epithelium resembling conjunctiva; two had adnexal structures in their walls. Compared with typical dermoid and epidermoid cysts, these 'conjunctival dermoids' and 'conjunctival cysts' of the orbit tended to present later in life, none were associated with bony defects, and three of the four occurred in the superomedial quadrant. One case occurred inferiorly, a rare site for orbital conjunctival dermoids and cysts, or typical dermoids and epidermoids. The fifth case, also inferior, is an example of a cyst within choristomatous lacrimal tissue.
Choristomatous cysts of the orbit may occur with non-keratinizing epithelial linings, and such cysts tend to differ clinically from the commoner dermoids and epidermoids. They may also occur in atypical sites such as the inferior orbit.
眼眶常见的迷离瘤性囊肿是皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿，其内壁为角化鳞状上皮。它们通常发生于眼眶上部，最常见于颞上象限。其他类型的囊肿，其内壁由不同上皮构成，且发生于眼眶其他部位的情况则少见得多。
报告过去6年中出现的5例非典型眼眶囊性迷离瘤病例。描述了其临床和放射学特征、手术方法及发现以及组织学情况。回顾了文献中的类似病例并讨论了可能的病因。
其中4个囊肿的内壁为类似结膜的非角化上皮；2个囊肿的壁内有附属结构。与典型的皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿相比，眼眶的这些“结膜皮样囊肿”和“结膜囊肿”往往在患者年龄较大时出现，均与骨缺损无关，4个中有3个发生于眼眶内上象限。1例发生于眼眶下部，这是眼眶结膜皮样囊肿和囊肿，或典型皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿罕见的发生部位。第5例也发生于眼眶下部，是迷离瘤性泪腺组织内囊肿的一个例子。
眼眶迷离瘤性囊肿可能有非角化上皮内衬，且这类囊肿在临床上往往与较常见的皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿不同。它们也可能发生于非典型部位，如下部眼眶。
