Sánchez-Carpintero I, España-Alonso A
Departamento de Dermatología, Clínica Universitaria, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
Rev Neurol. 1997 Sep;25 Suppl 3:S222-31.
Neuropeptides (NP) are a heterogeneous group of proteins functioning as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and neurohormones. More than fifty of these molecules have been described, and some have been detected in human skin through immunochemistry and radioimmunoassay. In this article we attempt to study the role played by some of these substances such as substance P (SP), calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), somatostatin (S), and neurotensin (N). Several NP induce inflammatory response with edema and erythema. They can also induce the release of histamine by mastocytes, regulate cutaneous blood flow, and participate in sweat regulation and nociception. They also exert their action over several cells that participate in immunity, acting as mitotic, and chemotactic factors, inhibiting or stimulating inflammatory mechanisms. Specific NP have their receptors on epidermal cells. We will also try to study certain diseases in which NP play an important role in inducing or alleviating lesions, such as psoriasis, atopic eczema, alopecia areata, vitiligo, nodular prurigo, aquagenic pruritus, hypertrophic scars and other entities.
神经肽（NP）是一类异质性蛋白质，起神经递质、神经调质和神经激素的作用。已描述的这类分子有五十多种，其中一些已通过免疫化学和放射免疫测定法在人体皮肤中检测到。在本文中，我们试图研究其中一些物质的作用，如P物质（SP）、降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）、神经肽Y（NPY）、血管活性肠肽（VIP）、生长抑素（S）和神经降压素（N）。几种神经肽可诱导伴有水肿和红斑的炎症反应。它们还可诱导肥大细胞释放组胺，调节皮肤血流量，并参与汗液调节和痛觉感受。它们还对参与免疫的多种细胞发挥作用，充当有丝分裂因子和趋化因子，抑制或刺激炎症机制。特定的神经肽在表皮细胞上有其受体。我们还将尝试研究某些疾病，其中神经肽在诱导或减轻病变方面起重要作用，如银屑病、特应性皮炎、斑秃、白癜风、结节性瘙痒症、水源性瘙痒症、肥厚性瘢痕及其他病症。
