Shintani T, Asakura K, Kataura A
Department of Otolaryngology, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 1997 Sep-Oct;59(5):286-91. doi: 10.1159/000276955.
We evaluated the role of adenotonsillar hypertrophy and facial morphology in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and compared these data with an age-matched control group. We performed cephalometric analysis to evaluate facial morphology using lateral facilal roentgenograms. Adenotonsillar and maxillary hypertrophy was remarkable in OSA children. Maxillary protrusion was significantly smaller in the OSA group than in the control group in older children (5-9 years old). Mandibular protrusion was significantly smaller in the OSA group even at younger ages (1-2 years old). The hyoid bone was significantly lower in the OSA group than in the control group at age 3-6 years. Both environmental factors due to upper airway obstruction and genetic factors are suspected as causes of abnormal facial morphology in OSA children.
我们评估了腺样体扁桃体肥大和面部形态在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）儿童中的作用，并将这些数据与年龄匹配的对照组进行了比较。我们使用侧位面部X线片进行头影测量分析以评估面部形态。OSA儿童的腺样体扁桃体和上颌肥大较为显著。在年龄较大的儿童（5 - 9岁）中，OSA组的上颌前突明显小于对照组。即使在年龄较小的儿童（1 - 2岁）中，OSA组的下颌前突也明显较小。在3 - 6岁时，OSA组的舌骨明显低于对照组。上气道阻塞引起的环境因素和遗传因素均被怀疑是OSA儿童面部形态异常的原因。
