Nakajima K, Nagata K, Kitagawa K, Kudo Y, Yamada R
Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Social Services, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido.
Kango Kenkyu. 1996;29(3):175-88.
The purpose of this study is to clarify the changes of the caregivers'status with comparison of two cross-sectional studies. The subjects were 658 (primary, in 1982) and 705 (secondary, in 1991) group members of "The Association of Families Caring for Elderly Persons with Dementia". The summary of results are as follows: 1) The mean life span of a person suffering dementia was found to be longer in 1991 than 1992. 2) In 1991, about 30 percent of the patients in all age groups were hospitalized and about 70 percent of the patients were treated at home. These facts indicated that the medical facilities had expanded their capacities during the 9 year period for receiving the elderly with dementia. 3) Family members who wished to live independently supported the idea that care should be given by a decreased number of individuals within the family. In that sense, the family's power of caregiving was decreased. 4) The range of main caregivers' informal social-support-network was remarkably expanded. 5) The more the service were expanded, the more the service were utilized by the caregivers. However, the quality and the quantity of the services provided are still not sufficient to meet the caregivers' need. 6) In balance, the difficulties caregivers used to face, seemed to be decreased in 1991.
本研究的目的是通过两项横断面研究的比较来阐明照料者状况的变化。研究对象为“痴呆老人家庭照料者协会”的658名成员（1982年为初次调查对象）和705名成员（1991年为二次调查对象）。结果总结如下：1）发现1991年痴呆患者的平均寿命比1982年更长。2）1991年，各年龄组约30%的患者住院治疗，约70%的患者在家接受治疗。这些事实表明，在这9年期间，医疗设施接收痴呆老人的能力有所提高。3）希望独立生活的家庭成员支持由家庭中较少成员提供照料的观点。从这个意义上说，家庭的照料能力有所下降。4）主要照料者的非正式社会支持网络范围显著扩大。5）服务扩展得越多，照料者对服务的利用就越多。然而，所提供服务的质量和数量仍不足以满足照料者的需求。6）总体而言，照料者过去面临的困难在1991年似乎有所减少。
