Inskip H
MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit (University of Southampton), Southampton General Hospital.
J R Nav Med Serv. 1997;83(1):19-25.
The mortality pattern of 15,318 Royal Naval submariners has been examined to asses the long term effects on health of serving in submarines. The main outcome measures used were standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) which present the submariners' mortality rates as a percentage of those for men in England and Wales. The SMR for all causes of death combined was low at 86, this being comparable to findings in other studies of Armed Forces personnel. Cancer mortality was particularly low with an SMR of 69 and there was no particular cancer site which showed an excess. Raised mortality from digestive diseases was seen: the excess was attributable to cirrhosis of the liver which gave rise to an SMR of 221 based on 12 deaths, alcohol being a contributory factor in eight. This excess mortality from cirrhosis was concentrated in the period 1970-79 and occurred in men who had left the Royal Navy. Deaths from accidents and violence were also higher than expected with an SMR of 115, but this was due to high levels of accidents occurring after discharge from the Navy.
对15318名皇家海军潜艇船员的死亡模式进行了研究，以评估在潜艇服役对健康的长期影响。主要的结局指标是标准化死亡比（SMR），它将潜艇船员的死亡率表示为英格兰和威尔士男性死亡率的百分比。所有死因综合的SMR较低，为86，这与其他武装部队人员研究的结果相当。癌症死亡率特别低，SMR为69，没有特定的癌症部位显示出过高的死亡率。观察到消化系统疾病导致的死亡率升高：这种过高归因于肝硬化，基于12例死亡计算得出的SMR为221，其中8例酒精是促成因素。肝硬化导致的这种过高死亡率集中在1970 - 1979年期间，且发生在已离开皇家海军的男性身上。事故和暴力导致的死亡也高于预期，SMR为115，但这是由于海军退伍后发生的事故数量较多。
