Miyamura M, Ishida K, Hashimoto I, Yuza N
Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Japan.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1997;76(3):221-9. doi: 10.1007/s004210050240.
The present study was performed to examine whether or not the ventilatory response at the onset of voluntary exercise and passive movement in endurance runners is the same as in untrained subjects. Twelve long-distance runners belonging to the varsity athletic club and 13 untrained subjects of our university participated as subjects in this study. Maximum oxygen uptake was significantly higher in the endurance runner group [mean (SD) 70.8 (4.7) ml.kg-1.min-1] than in the untrained group [49.8 (6.3) ml.kg-1.min-1]. Cardiorespiratory responses during voluntary exercise and passive movement of alternate flexion-extension of the right and left legs for about 15 s at a frequency of about 60 rpm, were determined by means of breath-by-breath techniques. Minute inspiratory ventilation (VI), tidal volume (VT), respiratory frequency (fb), cardiac output (Qc), stroke volume (SV) and heart rate (HR) increased significantly immediately at the onset of voluntary exercise and passive movement. The incremental rate for VI was greater than that for Qc. Average values and standard deviations of changes in VI were calculated as the difference between the mean of the first and second breath and the mean of five breaths preceding the exercise or movement. The rates obtained in voluntary exercise and passive movement in the endurance runner group [2.34 (0.82) and 1.72 (0.71 l.min-1), respectively] were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those in the untrained group [4.16 (2.66) and 2.71 (1.56 l.min-1), respectively]. Also changes in VT and HR were significantly lower in the endurance group than in the untrained group with regard to both voluntary exercise and passive movement. The results suggest that the magnitude of cardiorespiratory responses at the onset of voluntary exercise and passive movement in humans is influenced by chronic endurance training for long periods.
本研究旨在探讨耐力跑运动员在自主运动和被动运动开始时的通气反应是否与未经训练的受试者相同。本研究的受试者包括12名属于大学体育俱乐部的长跑运动员和13名我校未经训练的受试者。耐力跑运动员组的最大摄氧量[平均值(标准差)70.8(4.7)ml·kg-1·min-1]显著高于未经训练组[49.8(6.3)ml·kg-1·min-1]。通过逐次呼吸技术测定了在自主运动和以约60转/分钟的频率对左右腿进行约15秒的交替屈伸被动运动期间的心肺反应。分钟吸气量(VI)、潮气量(VT)、呼吸频率(fb)、心输出量(Qc)、每搏输出量(SV)和心率(HR)在自主运动和被动运动开始时立即显著增加。VI的增加速率大于Qc的增加速率。VI变化的平均值和标准差计算为第一次和第二次呼吸的平均值与运动或移动前五次呼吸的平均值之间的差值。耐力跑运动员组在自主运动和被动运动中获得的速率[分别为2.34(0.82)和1.72(0.71l·min-1)]显著低于未经训练组分别为4.16(2.66)和2.71(1.56l·min-1)。此外，在自主运动和被动运动方面，耐力组的VT和HR变化均显著低于未经训练组。结果表明，长期的慢性耐力训练会影响人类在自主运动和被动运动开始时的心肺反应幅度。
