Yelifari L, Frempong E, Olsen A
Ministry of Health, Upper East Region, Ghana.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1997 Jun;91(4):403-9. doi: 10.1080/00034989761021.
Cyclopoid copepods were collected over a period of 17 months from six man-made water reservoirs in an area of northern Ghana where dracunculiasis is endemic. The numbers and species of cyclopoid copepods as well as the species naturally infected with Dracunculus medinensis larvae were recorded at fortinightly intervals. The occurrence of copepods was compared with concurrent rainfall and with monthly incidences of dracunculiasis in the year after the reservoir survey. Seven species and two subspecies of copepods were found in the study area: Thermocyclops neglectus decipiens, T. crassu' consimilis, T. incisus, T. inopinus, T. emini, Mesocyclops major, M. ogunnus, M. kieferi and Cryptocyclops linjanticus. More than 60% of all the cyclopoids found were T. n. decipiens and only four species (T. incisus, T. inopinus, T. n. decipiens and M. kieferi) were found infected. Infection rates were very low (< or = 0.3%). The seasonal fluctuations of cyclopoid copepods showed different patterns in the six reservoirs, perhaps related to local circumstances not investigated in the present study. As the people in the study area are very mobile during the dracunculiasis transmission season, it seems likely that some of them become infected at water sources other than the ones investigated. It was therefore difficult to correlate occurrence of cyclopoid copepods in the local water sources with the prevalence of the human infection in the catchment area. No conclusion as to the most important intermediate host(s) in the area could be made.
在加纳北部麦地那龙线虫病流行地区的6个人造水库中，历时17个月采集剑水蚤。每隔两周记录剑水蚤的数量、种类以及自然感染麦地那龙线虫幼虫的种类。将剑水蚤的出现情况与同期降雨量以及水库调查后一年中麦地那龙线虫病的月发病率进行比较。在研究区域发现了7种剑水蚤和2个亚种：疏忽温剑水蚤欺骗亚种、粗壮温剑水蚤相似亚种、尖锐温剑水蚤、奇异温剑水蚤、埃氏温剑水蚤、大型中剑水蚤、奥贡中剑水蚤、基氏中剑水蚤和林氏隐剑水蚤。所发现的所有剑水蚤中，超过60%为疏忽温剑水蚤欺骗亚种，仅发现4种（尖锐温剑水蚤、奇异温剑水蚤、疏忽温剑水蚤欺骗亚种和基氏中剑水蚤）受到感染。感染率非常低（≤0.3%）。6个水库中剑水蚤的季节波动呈现出不同模式，这可能与本研究未调查的当地情况有关。由于研究区域的人们在麦地那龙线虫病传播季节流动性很大，他们中的一些人似乎可能在调查的水源之外的其他水源感染。因此，很难将当地水源中剑水蚤的出现情况与集水区人类感染的流行情况联系起来。无法就该地区最重要的中间宿主得出结论。
