Stewart C L, Cullinan E B
Laboratory of Cancer and Developmental Biology, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702, USA.
Dev Genet. 1997;21(1):91-101. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6408(1997)21:1<91::AID-DVG11>3.0.CO;2-D.
Preimplantation development in mammals involves both the development of the embryo and the preparation of the uterus in anticipation of blastocysts implantation. Preparation of the uterus for implantation is primarily under the control of the ovarian sex steroids, estrogen and progesterone. Increasing evidence is revealing that their effects on cell proliferation and differentiation in the uterus are medicated by locally produced growth factors and cytokines. In contrast, preimplantation development of the embryo to the blastocyst stage appears to be independent of exogenous growth factors. Implantation, the point at which the blastocyst forms a more intimate association with the maternal tissues, is regulated by the uterine expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). LIF is required both to promote embryo attachment and for decidualization of the uterus. In the absence of LIF, neither of these events occur. Uterine expression of LIF at the time of implantation has been described in many species, suggesting that LIF may be of general significance in regulating embryo implantation in mammals.
哺乳动物的植入前发育涉及胚胎的发育以及子宫为迎接囊胚着床所做的准备。子宫为着床所做的准备主要受卵巢性类固醇激素雌激素和孕酮的调控。越来越多的证据表明，它们对子宫细胞增殖和分化的影响是由局部产生的生长因子和细胞因子介导的。相比之下，胚胎发育到囊胚阶段的植入前发育似乎独立于外源性生长因子。着床是囊胚与母体组织形成更紧密联系的阶段，受白血病抑制因子（LIF）在子宫中的表达调控。LIF对于促进胚胎附着和子宫蜕膜化都是必需的。在没有LIF的情况下，这两个过程都不会发生。许多物种都描述了着床时子宫中LIF的表达，这表明LIF在调节哺乳动物胚胎着床方面可能具有普遍意义。
