Suedel B C, Rodgers J H, Deaver E
ENTRIX, Inc., 5252 Westchester, Suite 250, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1997 Aug;33(2):188-93. doi: 10.1007/s002449900241.
The effects of exposure duration, test organism, and test endpoint on the toxicity of cadmium to a variety of freshwater species were evaluated. Toxicity of cadmium was assessed by monitoring the survival and reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard; the survival of Daphnia magna Straus; and the survival and growth of Hyalella azteca Saussure, Chironomus tentans Fabricius, and Pimephales promelas Rafinesque. Organisms were exposed in static systems for 48 h, 96 h, 7 d, 10 d, and 14 d to determine acute and chronic toxicity. Relative sensitivities of test organisms exposed to aqueous cadmium varied with test duration and test endpoint. In general, H. azteca was the most sensitive organism tested, followed in decreasing sensitivity by P. promelas, C. dubia, D. magna, and C. tentans. Mortality of C. dubia and D. magna was consistent up to 7 d, after which little additional mortality occurred. Effects of test duration on cadmium toxicity were most pronounced for H. azteca and C. tentans, with mortality and growth becoming increasingly sensitive with increasing test duration.
评估了暴露持续时间、受试生物和测试终点对镉对多种淡水物种毒性的影响。通过监测 dubia 角突网纹溞（Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard）的存活和繁殖、大型溞（Daphnia magna Straus）的存活、以及阿氏摇蚊（Hyalella azteca Saussure）、细蜉蠓（Chironomus tentans Fabricius）和黑头软口鲦（Pimephales promelas Rafinesque）的存活和生长来评估镉的毒性。将生物置于静态系统中暴露48小时、96小时、7天、10天和14天，以确定急性和慢性毒性。暴露于镉水溶液中的受试生物的相对敏感性随测试持续时间和测试终点而变化。一般来说，阿氏摇蚊是测试中最敏感的生物，其次是黑头软口鲦、dubia角突网纹溞、大型溞和细蜉蠓，敏感性依次降低。dubia角突网纹溞和大型溞的死亡率在7天内保持一致，此后几乎没有额外的死亡发生。测试持续时间对镉毒性的影响在阿氏摇蚊和细蜉蠓中最为明显，死亡率和生长随着测试持续时间的增加而变得越来越敏感。
