Norberg-King Teresa J, Sibley Paul K, Burton G Allen, Ingersoll Christopher G, Kemble Nile E, Ireland Scott, Mount David R, Rowland Carolyn D
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2006 Oct;25(10):2662-74. doi: 10.1897/05-044r2.1.
Methods for assessing the long-term toxicity of sediments to Hyalella azteca and Chironomus tentans can significantly enhance the capacity to assess sublethal effects of contaminated sediments through multiple endpoints. Sublethal tests allow us to begin to understand the relationship between short-term and long-term effects for toxic sediments. We present an interlaboratory evaluation with long-term and 10-d tests using control and contaminated sediments in which we assess whether proposed and existing performance criteria (test acceptability criteria [TAC]) could be achieved. Laboratories became familiar with newly developed, long-term protocols by testing two control sediments in phase 1. In phase 2, the 10-d and long-term tests were examined with several sediments. Laboratories met the TACs, but results varied depending on the test organism, test duration, and endpoints. For the long-term tests in phase 1, 66 to 100% of the laboratories consistently met the TACs for survival, growth, or reproduction using H. azrteca, and 70 to 100% of the laboratories met the TACs for survival and growth, emergence, reproduction, and hatchability using C. tentans. In phase 2, fewer laboratories participated in long-term tests: 71 to 88% of the laboratories met the TAC for H. azteca, whereas 50 to 67% met the TAC for C. tentans. In the 10-d tests with H. azteca and C. tentans, 82 and 88% of the laboratories met the TAC for survival, respectively, and 80% met the TAC for C. tentans growth. For the 10-d and long-term tests, laboratories predicted similar toxicity. Overall, the interlaboratory evaluation showed good precision of the methods, appropriate endpoints were incorporated into the test protocols, and tests effectively predicted the toxicity of sediments.
评估沉积物对阿氏摇蚊（Hyalella azteca）和摇蚊（Chironomus tentans）长期毒性的方法，可通过多个终点显著提高评估受污染沉积物亚致死效应的能力。亚致死试验使我们能够开始了解有毒沉积物短期和长期效应之间的关系。我们进行了一项实验室间评估，使用对照沉积物和受污染沉积物进行长期和10天试验，评估是否能够达到提议的和现有的性能标准（试验可接受标准 [TAC]）。实验室在第1阶段通过测试两种对照沉积物熟悉了新开发的长期试验方案。在第2阶段，用几种沉积物对10天试验和长期试验进行了检测。实验室达到了试验可接受标准，但结果因试验生物、试验持续时间和终点而异。在第1阶段的长期试验中，66%至100%的实验室使用阿氏摇蚊在生存、生长或繁殖方面始终达到试验可接受标准，70%至100%的实验室使用摇蚊在生存和生长、羽化、繁殖及孵化率方面达到试验可接受标准。在第2阶段，参与长期试验的实验室较少：71%至88%的实验室对阿氏摇蚊达到试验可接受标准，而对摇蚊则有50%至67%达到试验可接受标准。在用阿氏摇蚊和摇蚊进行的10天试验中，分别有82%和88%的实验室在生存方面达到试验可接受标准，80%的实验室对摇蚊生长达到试验可接受标准。对于10天试验和长期试验，实验室预测的毒性相似。总体而言，实验室间评估表明这些方法具有良好的精密度，试验方案纳入了适当的终点，并且试验有效地预测了沉积物的毒性。
