Kura H, Luo Z P, Kitaoka H B, An K N
Biomechanics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic/Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Anat Rec. 1997 Sep;249(1):143-51. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(199709)249:1<143::AID-AR17>3.0.CO;2-P.
Understanding muscle architecture of the foot may assist in the design of surgical procedures such as tendon transfer, biomechanical modeling of the foot, prosthesis design, and analysis of foot function. There is limited published information regarding foot intrinsic muscle architecture.
Eleven fresh-frozen cadaveric feet were studied from eight males and three females. Twenty-eight intrinsic muscles were dissected in each foot, and measurements of fiber length, muscle length, and muscle volume obtained using calipers and water displacement technique. The physiologic cross-sectional area, fiber/muscle length ratio, muscle mass fraction, and tension fraction were then calculated.
Intrinsic muscle length was related to foot size. The mean fiber length ranged from 13.6 mm (first plantar interosseous) to 28.0 mm (second extensor digitorum brevis). The mean muscle length ranged from 24.8 mm (adductor hallucis transverse) to 115.8 mm (abductor hallucis). The mean muscle volume ranged from 0.4 cc (fifth lumbrical) to 15.2 cc (abductor hallucis). The physiologic cross-sectional area ranged from 0.28 cm2 (second and third lumbrical) to 6.68 cm2 (abductor hallucis). The fiber/ muscle ratio ranged from 0.20 (abductor hallucis) to 0.82 (adductor hallucis transverse). The mass fraction ranged from 0.33% (fifth lumbrical) to 16.59% (abductor hallucis). The tension fraction ranged from 0.34% (fifth lumbrical) to 15.37% (abductor hallucis).
The abductor hallucis and adductor hallucis oblique had much greater physiologic cross-sectional areas compared to those of the other intrinsic muscles. The lumbrical muscles had relatively low physiologic cross-sectional areas. These observations illustrate the underlying structural basis for the functional capacities of the intrinsic muscles of the foot.
了解足部肌肉结构有助于设计诸如肌腱转移等外科手术、足部生物力学建模、假肢设计以及足部功能分析。关于足部固有肌结构的已发表信息有限。
研究了来自8名男性和3名女性的11只新鲜冷冻尸体足。每只足解剖28块固有肌，使用卡尺和排水技术测量纤维长度、肌肉长度和肌肉体积。然后计算生理横截面积、纤维/肌肉长度比、肌肉质量分数和张力分数。
固有肌长度与足的大小相关。平均纤维长度范围为13.6毫米（第一跖骨间肌）至28.0毫米（第二趾短伸肌）。平均肌肉长度范围为24.8毫米（拇收肌横头）至115.8毫米（拇展肌）。平均肌肉体积范围为0.4立方厘米（第五蚓状肌）至15.2立方厘米（拇展肌）。生理横截面积范围为0.28平方厘米（第二和第三蚓状肌）至6.68平方厘米（拇展肌）。纤维/肌肉比范围为0.20（拇展肌）至0.82（拇收肌横头）。质量分数范围为0.33%（第五蚓状肌）至16.
