Videbech P
Department of Biological Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital in Arhus, Risskov, Denmark.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1997 Sep;96(3):157-68. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1997.tb10146.x.
A review of the literature on primarily magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of patients with affective disorders is presented. Several studies have indicated an increased ventricle/brain ratio and other signs of cerebral atrophy, as well as an increased frequency of lesions (so-called signal hyperintensities) in the brains of unipolar and bipolar patients. This notion is strongly supported by two meta-analyses performed in the present study. The lesions are often localized in the frontal lobes and the basal ganglia, indicating a defective basal ganglia/frontal circuit, and are correlated with the degree of cognitive impairment seen in these conditions. No studies have indicated that psychoactive drugs or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) might cause the lesions, but on the other hand they can probably increase the risk of delirium complicating the treatment.
本文对情感障碍患者主要进行磁共振成像（MRI）扫描的文献进行了综述。多项研究表明，单相和双相情感障碍患者的脑室/脑比率增加以及其他脑萎缩迹象，同时大脑中病变（所谓的信号高增强）的频率也增加。本研究进行的两项荟萃分析有力地支持了这一观点。这些病变常位于额叶和基底神经节，表明基底神经节/额叶回路存在缺陷，并且与这些疾病中出现的认知障碍程度相关。没有研究表明精神活性药物或电休克治疗（ECT）可能导致这些病变，但另一方面，它们可能会增加治疗中并发谵妄的风险。
