Nübling M, Michaelis M, Hofmann F, Stössel U
FFAS Freiburger Forschungsstelle Arbeits & Sozialmedizin, Freiburg.
Gesundheitswesen. 1997 Apr;59(4):271-4.
A cross-sectional study on the profession-specific prevalence rates of back pain symptoms was conducted including N = 3332 nurses as the exposed group and N = 1720 office clerks as a control group. Only participants who had never changed from an exposed to an unexposed profession or vice versa, were included for the results presented here. Severity of symptoms was assessed, dividing into low back pain on the one hand, and lumbago-sciatica/sciatica on the other; frequency of pain episodes was measured using lifetime- and point-prevalence, in all these four combinations of severity and frequency the prevalence rates among nurses were clearly and significantly higher. Multivariate analyses revealed that profession is the most important risk factor among many others that were tested. Estimation of the prevalence rate for the heaviest symptom, the point-prevalence of lumbago-sciatica/sciatica, showed that about 4 out of 5 cases among nursing staff can be attributed to their profession. On the background of this high attributable risk the acceptance rate for LBP diseases of suspected occupational origin among nursing staff by statutory occupational health insurance bodies appears much too low.
开展了一项关于背痛症状特定职业患病率的横断面研究，其中包括3332名护士作为暴露组，1720名办公室职员作为对照组。此处呈现的结果仅纳入了从未从暴露职业转变为非暴露职业或相反情况的参与者。评估了症状的严重程度，一方面分为下背痛，另一方面分为腰腿痛/坐骨神经痛；使用终生患病率和时点患病率测量疼痛发作频率，在所有这四种严重程度和频率的组合中，护士中的患病率明显更高且具有显著差异。多变量分析显示，在所测试的许多其他因素中，职业是最重要的风险因素。对最严重症状（腰腿痛/坐骨神经痛的时点患病率）的患病率估计表明，护理人员中约五分之四的病例可归因于其职业。在这种高归因风险的背景下，法定职业健康保险机构对护理人员中疑似职业性起源的腰背痛疾病的接受率似乎过低。
