Suadicani P, Hansen K, Fenger A M, Gyntelberg F
Arbejdsmedicinsk klinik, Rigshospitalet, København.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1997 Aug 25;159(35):5240-3.
The associations between low-back pain and occupational work loads, life-style factors, and sociodemographic factors were examined in 469 steel plant workers (436 males, 33 females), mean age (sd): 40 (12) years. Fifty-one per cent had experienced low-back pain during the preceding year. The strongest associations were found between recent low-back pain and domestic recreational activities (> or = h/wk vs 0-2 h/wk), and between recent low-back pain and work pace (too fast vs. adequate), odds ratios (95% confidence limits) being respectively 3.0 (1.5-5.8), and 2.3 (1.2-4.2). We considered a subject to have a particularly severe history of low-back pain if he or she due to low-back trouble (i) had ever been admitted to a hospital, (ii) had ever had to change work or, (iii) had had more than one week's sick-leave accumulated during the preceding year. There was a strong association between a severe low-back pain history and life-time occupational exposure to heavy and frequent lifting on the job. Forty-seven per cent of severe low-back pain events could be ascribed to heavy and frequent lifting, provided the associations were causal. We conclude that domestic recreational activities may be an important potential confounder in studies on occupational risk factors for low-back pain, and that, based on the results of this and of other studies, a case for prevention still seems to exist regarding lifting of heavy burdens in the work environment.
对469名钢铁厂工人（436名男性，33名女性）进行了下背痛与职业工作量、生活方式因素及社会人口学因素之间关联的研究，这些工人的平均年龄（标准差）为40（12）岁。51%的人在前一年经历过下背痛。近期下背痛与家庭娱乐活动（每周≥1小时与每周0 - 2小时）以及近期下背痛与工作节奏（过快与适度）之间的关联最为显著，优势比（95%置信区间）分别为3.0（1.5 - 5.8）和2.3（1.2 - 4.2）。如果一个人因下背问题（i）曾住院治疗，（ii）曾不得不更换工作，或（iii）在前一年累计病假超过一周，我们就认为该对象有特别严重的下背痛病史。严重下背痛病史与一生中在工作中频繁搬运重物的职业暴露之间存在很强的关联。如果这些关联是因果关系，那么47%的严重下背痛事件可归因于频繁搬运重物。我们得出结论，家庭娱乐活动可能是下背痛职业风险因素研究中的一个重要潜在混杂因素，而且，基于本研究及其他研究的结果，工作环境中重物搬运的预防措施似乎仍然有必要。
