Sumiya T, Kawamura K, Tokuhiro A, Takechi H, Ogata H
Rosai Rehabilitation Engineering Center, Nagoya, Japan.
Spinal Cord. 1997 Sep;35(9):590-4. doi: 10.1038/sj.sc.3100466.
The characteristics of wheelchair cushions used by 218 paraplegic patients who lived independent lives were surveyed to clarify the present state of wheelchair cushioning for pressure sore prevention in Japan. Out of 586 cushions surveyed, 91.0% were ready-made and the rest were custom-made. The outstanding popularity of polyurethane foam ready-made cushions (76.3%) suggested that insufficient consideration was taken in the selection of cushions. Custom-made cushions displayed unique modifications to relieve contact pressure or to stabilize sitting posture, which should be systematically provided for all patients. The variety of cushion types and the frequent dissatisfaction with cushions seen in patients with current pressure sores suggested a strong demand for the effective prescription of cushions. Furthermore, 30% of all cushions had had an excessively prolonged use, indicating insufficient follow-up. A medical system including deliberate prescription and regular follow-up of wheelchair cushions should be established for the effective prevention of pressure sores.
为了阐明日本预防压疮的轮椅座垫现状，对218名独立生活的截瘫患者使用的轮椅座垫特征进行了调查。在所调查的586个座垫中，91.0%是成品，其余是定制的。聚氨酯泡沫成品座垫非常受欢迎（76.3%），这表明在选择座垫时考虑不足。定制座垫显示出独特的改进，以减轻接触压力或稳定坐姿，应系统地为所有患者提供。座垫类型多样，当前有压疮的患者对座垫的不满频繁出现，这表明对座垫的有效处方有强烈需求。此外，所有座垫中有30%使用时间过长，表明随访不足。应建立一个包括精心处方和定期随访轮椅座垫的医疗系统，以有效预防压疮。
