Orlikoff R F, Baken R J, Kraus D H
Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1997 Sep;102(3):1838-45. doi: 10.1121/1.420090.
Voice produced on inhaled air is a form of phonation that has received relatively little attention despite its apparent usefulness in the assessment of vocal function. This preliminary investigation was designed to describe the general characteristics of vocalization driven by an ingressive phonatory airflow. Vocal fundamental frequency (F0), electroglottographic (EGG), and airflow measures were examined in 16 normal men and women, who alternated between inspiratory and expiratory voice. Mean F0 routinely increased during inspiratory voice segments, shifting on average 5.1 semitones above the subjects' comfortable expiratory voice frequency. EGG data showed inspiratory voice to be associated with a more symmetrical pattern of vocal fold contact characterized by a prolonged interval of increasing contact. Both short-term F0 variability (jitter) and EGG amplitude perturbation were significantly higher during inspiratory voice. Stroboscopic examination of four of the subjects showed caudal displacement of the larynx and lengthened vocal folds associated with inspiratory phonation. The absolute airflow rate was significantly greater for inspiratory phonation, on average 48.5% higher than during normal expiratory voice. It was also found that both inspiratory pulse and falsetto vibratory patterns could be produced by at least some of the subjects, indicating some control over the mode and frequency of vocal fold vibration when driven by an ingressive airflow.
尽管吸入气流产生的声音在评估发声功能方面具有明显的用途，但这种发声形式受到的关注相对较少。这项初步研究旨在描述由吸气性发声气流驱动的发声的一般特征。对16名正常男性和女性进行了检查，他们在吸气性发声和呼气性发声之间交替，测量了其发声基频（F0）、电声门图（EGG）和气流指标。在吸气性发声阶段，平均F0通常会增加，平均比受试者舒适的呼气性发声频率高出5.1个半音。EGG数据显示，吸气性发声与更对称的声带接触模式相关，其特征是接触增加的时间间隔延长。在吸气性发声期间，短期F0变异性（抖动）和EGG振幅扰动均显著更高。对其中4名受试者的频闪喉镜检查显示，吸气性发声时喉部尾端移位，声带延长。吸气性发声时的绝对气流速率显著更高，平均比正常呼气性发声时高48.5%。还发现至少部分受试者能够产生吸气脉冲和假声振动模式，这表明在由吸气气流驱动时，对声带振动的模式和频率具有一定的控制能力。
