Clausen J D, Christiansen G, Holst H U, Birkelund S
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Mol Microbiol. 1997 Aug;25(3):441-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.4591832.x.
The host cell cytoskeleton is known to play a vital role in the life cycles of several pathogenic intracellular microorganisms by providing the basis for a successful invasion and by promoting movement of the pathogen once inside the host cell cytoplasm. McCoy cells infected with Chlamydia trachomatis serovars E or L2 revealed, by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, collocation of microtubules and Chlamydia-containing vesicles during the process of migration from the host cell surface to a perinuclear location. The vast majority of microtubule-associated Chlamydia vesicles also collocated with tyrosine-phosphorylated McCoy cell proteins. After migration, the Chlamydia-containing vesicles were positioned exactly at the centre of the microtubule network, indicating a microtubule-dependent mode of chlamydial redistribution. Inhibition of host cell dynein, a microtubule-dependent motor protein known to be involved in directed vesicle transport along microtubules, was observed to have a pronounced effect on C. trachomatis infectivity. Furthermore, dynein was found to collocate with perinuclear aggregates of C. trachomatis E and L2 but not C. pneumoniae VR-1310, indicating a marked difference in the cytoskeletal requirements for C. trachomatis and C. pneumoniae during early infection events. In support of this view, C. pneumoniae VR-1310 was shown to induce much less tyrosine phosphorylation of HeLa cell proteins during uptake than that seen for C. trachomatis.
已知宿主细胞细胞骨架在几种致病性细胞内微生物的生命周期中发挥着至关重要的作用，它为成功入侵提供基础，并在病原体进入宿主细胞质后促进其移动。用沙眼衣原体血清型E或L2感染的 McCoy 细胞，通过间接免疫荧光显微镜观察发现，在从宿主细胞表面迁移到核周位置的过程中，微管与含衣原体的囊泡相互搭配。绝大多数与微管相关的衣原体囊泡也与酪氨酸磷酸化的 McCoy 细胞蛋白相互搭配。迁移后，含衣原体的囊泡正好位于微管网络的中心，表明衣原体重新分布的方式依赖于微管。观察到抑制宿主细胞动力蛋白（一种已知参与沿微管定向囊泡运输的微管依赖性运动蛋白）对沙眼衣原体的感染性有显著影响。此外，发现动力蛋白与沙眼衣原体E和L2的核周聚集体相互搭配，但与肺炎衣原体VR - 1310不搭配，这表明在早期感染事件中，沙眼衣原体和肺炎衣原体对细胞骨架的需求存在显著差异。支持这一观点的是，与沙眼衣原体相比，肺炎衣原体VR - 1310在摄取过程中诱导的HeLa细胞蛋白酪氨酸磷酸化要少得多。
