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耳蜗背侧核IV型神经元的线性和非线性频谱整合。II. 使用非线性模型预测反应。

Linear and nonlinear spectral integration in type IV neurons of the dorsal cochlear nucleus. II. Predicting responses with the use of nonlinear models.

作者信息

Nelken I, Kim P J, Young E D

机构信息

Department of Physiology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.

出版信息

J Neurophysiol. 1997 Aug;78(2):800-11. doi: 10.1152/jn.1997.78.2.800.

Abstract

Two nonlinear modeling methods were used to characterize the input/output relationships of type IV units, which are one principal cell type in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN). In both cases, the goal was to derive predictive models, i.e., models that could predict the responses to other stimuli. In one method, frequency integration was estimated from response maps derived from single tones and simultaneous pairs of tones presented over a range of frequencies. This model combined linear integration of energy across frequency and nonlinear interactions of energy at different frequencies. The model was used to predict responses to noisebands with varying width and center frequency. In almost all cases, predictions using two-tone interactions were better than linear predictions based on single-tone responses only. In about half the cases, reasonable quantitative fits were achieved. The fits were best for noisebands with narrow bandwidth and low sound levels. In the second nonlinear method, the spectrotemporal receptive field (STRF) was derived from responses to broadband stimuli. The STRF could account for some qualitative features of the responses to broad noisebands and spectral notches embedded in broad noisebands. Quantitatively, however, the STRFs failed to predict the responses of type IV units even to simple broadband noise stimuli. For narrowband stimuli, the STRF failed to predict even qualitative features (such as excitatory and inhibitory frequency bands). The responses of DCN type IV units presumably result from interactions of two inhibitory sources, a strong one that is preferentially activated by narrowband stimuli and a weaker one that is preferentially activated by broadband stimuli. The results presented here suggest that the STRF measures effects related to the broadband inhibition, whereas two-tone interactions measure mostly effects related to narrowband inhibition. This explains why models based on two-tone interactions predict the responses to narrow noisebands much better then models based on STRFs. It is concluded that a minimal stimulus set for characterizing type IV units must contain both broadband and narrowband stimuli, because each stimulus class by itself activates only partially the integration mechanisms that shape the responses of type IV units. Similar conclusions are expected to hold in other parts of the auditory system: when characterizing a complex auditory unit, it is necessary to use a range of stimuli to ensure that all integration mechanisms are activated.

摘要

两种非线性建模方法被用于描述IV型神经元的输入/输出关系,IV型神经元是蜗背侧核(DCN)中的一种主要细胞类型。在这两种情况下,目标都是推导预测模型,即能够预测对其他刺激反应的模型。在一种方法中,频率整合是根据从单音以及在一系列频率上呈现的同时双音所得到的反应图来估计的。该模型结合了跨频率能量的线性整合以及不同频率能量的非线性相互作用。该模型被用于预测对不同宽度和中心频率的噪声带的反应。在几乎所有情况下,使用双音相互作用的预测都比仅基于单音反应的线性预测要好。在大约一半的情况下,实现了合理的定量拟合。对于带宽窄且声级低的噪声带,拟合效果最佳。在第二种非线性方法中,频谱时间感受野(STRF)是从对宽带刺激的反应中推导出来的。STRF可以解释对宽带噪声带以及嵌入宽带噪声带中的频谱陷波反应的一些定性特征。然而,在定量方面,STRF甚至无法预测IV型神经元对简单宽带噪声刺激的反应。对于窄带刺激,STRF甚至无法预测定性特征(如兴奋和抑制频带)。DCN的IV型神经元的反应可能源于两个抑制源的相互作用,一个强抑制源优先被窄带刺激激活,一个弱抑制源优先被宽带刺激激活。这里呈现的结果表明,STRF测量的是与宽带抑制相关的效应,而双音相互作用主要测量的是与窄带抑制相关的效应。这就解释了为什么基于双音相互作用的模型比基于STRF的模型能更好地预测对窄噪声带的反应。得出的结论是,用于表征IV型神经元的最小刺激集必须同时包含宽带和窄带刺激,因为每种刺激类型本身仅部分激活塑造IV型神经元反应特征的整合机制。预计在听觉系统的其他部分也会有类似的结论:在表征一个复杂的听觉神经元时,有必要使用一系列刺激以确保所有的整合机制都被激活。

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